Colonization, Acculturation and Métissage

• Published in: Anthropologie et Sociétés
• Main Author: Mikhail Bashkirov
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Consortium Erudit 2014
• Subjects: Sciences Humaines et Sociales; Social Sciences and Humanities; Bashkirov; métis; métissage; histoire de la Sibérie; histoire de la Iakoutie; peuples autochtones de Sibérie; colonialisme; Siberian History; History of Yakutia; Indigenous Peoples of Siberia; Colonialism; mestizos; mestizaje; historia de Siberia; historia de Yakutia; pueblos indígenas de Siberia; colonialismo; hist; scipo; Pokhodsk; Russkie; Sakha; iakoutes; Yakut; Yakutia; Siberia
• Online Access: http://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/as/2014-v38-n2-as01486/1026171ar.pdf; https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/as/2014-v38-n2-as01486/1026171ar.pdf; https://doi.org/10.7202/1026171ar; https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/as/2014-v38-n2-as01486/1026171ar/; https://www.erudit.org/revue/as/2014/v38/n2/1026171ar.html?vue=resume&mode=restriction; https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/1865057554; https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1026171ar

The present article recounts the emergence of Métis communities in Sakha (Yakutia) from the 17th to the 19th century. From the time of first contact in the 17th century, the Yakut people – the population native to Siberia – have been subjected to the economic, social and political impact of relations with the Russian colonizers. Contact between the Russian settlers and the local population led to the emergence of Métis communities whose culture is distinct from that of both their Russian and native ancestors. The process of adaptation by the Russian settlers to the varying geographic and environmental conditions determined the course of development within the individual communities in Yakutia. As a result, each community has seen the development of its own character and local identity. The histories of the villages Amga-Sloboda, Russkoye Ustye and Pokhodsk are representative of this tendency. In general, the inhabitants of these villages were known as russkie starozhilu (Russian old settlers). At the same time, however, each has transformed the Russian and Yakut elements of their native culture to distinguish themselves sharply from their neighboring communities. Cet article présente l’histoire et l’émergence des communautés métissées de la Iakoutie du XVIIe au XIXe siècle. Dès l’époque des premiers contacts au XVIIe, les Iakoutes, une population autochtone de la Sibérie, ont subi l’influence économique, sociale et politique des colonisateurs russes. Le métissage entre les Russes et les populations locales a permis l’émergence de communautés métissées dont la culture est distincte de leurs ascendants russes et autochtones. Le processus d’adaptation aux différentes conditions géographiques et naturelles des groupes d’immigrants russes a défini la ligne de développement de ces communautés en Iakoutie. Chaque communauté avait un caractère unique et une identité locale. L’histoire des villages de Amga-Sloboda, Russkoye Ustye et Pokhodsk peut illustrer cette tendance. En général, la population de ces villages porte ...