Histoire d'un remplissage : Grotte Préhistorique d'Azé (Saône-et-Loire, France)

• Main Authors: Barriquand, Johan, Barriquand, Lionel, Argant, Alain
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: French
• Published: Lyon : Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon 2004
• Subjects: stratigraphie section; paleontology; cave bear; Paleolithic; cave lion; ours des cavernes; Paléolithique; coupe stratigraphique; paléontologie; lion des cavernes; geo; archeo; Ursus arctos
• Online Access: https://www.persee.fr/doc/mhnly_1762-8024_2004_act_2_1_1409

The prehistoric cave of Aze (Saône-et-Loire, France) is located in the Monts du Mâconnais, in south Burgundy (fig. 1). The upper part (Azé I), rich in paleontological and prehistorical materials, has been known for a long time (Argant, 1991 Argant, 2000, sous presse Combier, Gaillard, Moncel, 2000). But in the nineties a new part was discovered and excavated. This gallery (Galerie des Aiglons) is certainly the most important part of the network (fig. 2). Actually we only know the first 60 meters of this narrow part. We can draw a sedimentary transverse section (fig. 3). Thanks to this, we know most of the filling history of the Aze Prehistoric Caves. We can divide this history into 13 periods. From the first one we have just a small part on the west of the filling. At this time a roof separated the cave into 2 different parts. During the third step this roof caved in. Between the first and the seventh steps the river ran only in the lower part of the cave. During the eighth and ninth steps the river ran on the lower part of the lower cave and in a small filling (Boyau Ouest). During the last step the lower part of the Galerie des Aiglons was full. After this period the river ran in the upper part of the cave and in the Boyau Ouest. During the eleventh period the water was standing only in the upper part of the network. At the end, the upper part of the cave was closed by a stalagmite cap at about 100 meters from the today entrance. During the twelfth step the river came back and ran for the last time in the lower part (on the eastside) of the Galerie des Aiglons. The last step corresponds to the human occupation of the cave during the proto and historic periods. Animal life discovered in the Galerie des Aiglons is important and contains more than 20 species. The most numerous part are the carnivores. We mainly found Ursus deningeri-spelaeus, Ursus arctos and Ursus thi-betanus. For the felins we found Panthera spelaea, Panthera pardus and may be Panthera gombaszoegen-sis. We can also attest of the presence of ...