Émergence de la culture écrite saamie en Finlande à l’époque de la formation de la nation

• Main Author: Capdeville, Sophie Alix
• Format: Book
• Language: French
• Published: LARHRA 2021
• Subjects: histoire transnationale; histoire globale; histoire du droit et de la justice; histoire du livre; histoire économique; histoire numérique; histoire des savoirs; histoire du genre; histoire religieuse; historiographie; Historiography; Religious History; Gender History; History of Knowledge; Digital History; Economic History; History of Law and Justice; Global History; Transnational History; anthro-se; relig; saami
• Online Access: http://books.openedition.org/larhra/8038

The history of Saami written culture reflects not only the social situation of Finland but also that of the Saami at the time of the Grand Duchy (1809-1917). Finland was forced to adhere to the Lutheran faith until the beginning of the 19th century when it was a Swedish province. This led to the translation of religious texts into Swedish and Finnish. The situation of the Saami languages was different. The first translations were published in 1619 in Umeå Saami, which the Saami of the eastern part of the realm did not understand. After Finland’s transfer from Sweden to Russia in 1809, the leadership focused its effort on upholding its new autonomous status by reinforcing Finnish identity. In this context, the Finnish written language was standardized, thus enabling the growth of Finnish publications. At the same time, the first Saami translations were published, but only sporadically and in an insufficient number of copies, for which reason they were not able to meet the need for the catechism. Some clergymen tried to develop the use of Saami, both by translating books and by encouraging adults to use their ancestors’ language with their children, but this did not provide systematic and long-term support. This essay analyzes how the Saami book history reflects the Finnish colonialism of its time. L’Église évangélique-luthérienne suédoise était une église institutionnalisée, comme le sera celle du Grand-Duché autonome de Finlande au xixe siècle. Cette Église devait soutenir l’action de l’État lors de la prise du pouvoir de Gustav Vaasa avec l’introduction de la réforme luthérienne dans le royaume suédois. Pour assurer sa suprématie dans le nord du royaume des programmes d’évangélisation des autochtones étaient élaborés et clairement développés surtout durant le xviiie siècle avec des efforts de traductions d’ouvrages pour les pasteurs et les catéchistes en charge des régions saamophones. Le système d’éducation des Saamis perdurera pendant toute la période du grand-duché de Finlande : après avoir transféré sous ...