Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years
Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepe...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/84132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/ |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.pzz2mi 2023-05-15T17:29:00+02:00 Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/84132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/ en eng Wiley-blackwell doi:10.1111/gcb.13100 10670/1.pzz2mi https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/84132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/ other Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Global Change Biology (1354-1013) (Wiley-blackwell), 2016-02 , Vol. 22 , N. 2 , P. 604-612 envir anthro-se Text https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_18cf/ fttriple https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 2023-01-22T17:55:00Z Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. Text North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods Unknown Global Change Biology 22 2 604 612 |
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envir anthro-se Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
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description |
Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. |
format |
Text |
author |
Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David |
author_facet |
Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David |
author_sort |
Martinez, Elodie |
title |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_short |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_fullStr |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_sort |
warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the north atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
publisher |
Wiley-blackwell |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/84132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/ |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
op_source |
Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Global Change Biology (1354-1013) (Wiley-blackwell), 2016-02 , Vol. 22 , N. 2 , P. 604-612 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1111/gcb.13100 10670/1.pzz2mi https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/84132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00315/42654/ |
op_rights |
other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
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22 |
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2 |
container_start_page |
604 |
op_container_end_page |
612 |
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