Genetics of the preservation and the landscape: study of the populations of alpine grouse and grey partridge in France.

• Main Author: Bech, Nicolas
• Other Authors: Ecologie et évolution des interactions 2011-2014 (2EI), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan, André Théron([e-mail])
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2010
• Subjects: Galliformes of mountain; Genetics of the Preservation; Microsatellites; Genetics of the Landscape; Genetical introgression; Génétique de la Conservation; Génétique du Paysage; Galliformes de montagne; Sky Island; Introgression Génétique; envir; geo; Lagopède alpin; Lagopus muta
• Online Access: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939356/file/Bech-2010.pdf; https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939356

The alpine grouse (Lagopus muta) and the grey partridge (Perdix perdix) reaches in Pyrenees the Southern limits of their areas of world distribution. The Pyrenean populations of these two subspecies (Lagopus muta pyrenaica and Perdix perdix hispaniensis) are thus in situation of biogeographical isolate. Both sorts(species) are excellent bio-indicators of the evolution of the open circles of height. Under the combined pressure of the environmental and anthropological requirements, these circles know at present a sensitive evolution characterized by an altitudinal increase of the levels of vegetation and thus a shrinkage of the available housing environment for the species of height. The regression of the agro-pastoral activities stresses this phenomenon generalized by reforestation of the circles. A consequence expected from these upheavals is the increase of the degree of fragmentation of housing environments in particular for the populations of height. Beyond the influence of the landscape on the structuring of the populations, another factor could structure the populations of partridges grey: individuals' releases of breeding in wild populations. In this thesis, we are interested in the genetic structuring of the alpine grouse of Pyrenees and grey partridge in France to help in the decision of the plans of preservation. Le lagopède alpin (Lagopus muta) et la perdrix grise (Perdix perdix) atteignent dans les Pyrénées les limites méridionales de leurs aires de répartition mondiale. Les populations pyrénéennes de ces deux sous-espèces (Lagopus muta pyrenaica et Perdix perdix hispaniensis) sont donc en situation d'isolat biogéographique. Les deux espèces sont d'excellents bio-indicateurs de l'évolution des milieux ouverts d'altitude. Sous la pression conjuguée des contraintes environnementales et anthropiques, ces milieux connaissent actuellement une évolution sensible caractérisée par un relèvement altitudinal des étages de végétation et donc un rétrécissement de l'habitat disponible pour les espèces ...