Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease
Successive disease outbreaks in oyster (Crassostrea gigas) beds in France have resulted in dramatic losses in production, and subsequent decline in the oyster-farming industry. Deaths of juvenile oysters have been associated with the presence of a herpes virus (OsHV-1 µvar) and bacterial populations...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Research Foundation
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/36377.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/ |
id |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.kyb5ob |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.kyb5ob 2023-05-15T15:58:12+02:00 Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease Petton, Bruno Bruto, Maxime James, Adele Labreuche, Yannick Alunno-bruscia, Marianne Le Roux, Frederique https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/36377.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/ en eng Frontiers Research Foundation doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 10670/1.kyb5ob https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/36377.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/ lic_creative-commons Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Frontiers In Microbiology (1664-302X) (Frontiers Research Foundation), 2015-07 , Vol. 6 , P. - envir geo Text https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_18cf/ fttriple https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 2023-01-22T16:34:46Z Successive disease outbreaks in oyster (Crassostrea gigas) beds in France have resulted in dramatic losses in production, and subsequent decline in the oyster-farming industry. Deaths of juvenile oysters have been associated with the presence of a herpes virus (OsHV-1 µvar) and bacterial populations of the genus Vibrio. Although the pathogenicity of OsHV-1 µvar, as well as several strains of Vibrio has been demonstrated by experimental infections, our understanding of the complexity of infections occurring in the natural environment remains limited. In the present study, we use specific-pathogen-free (SPF) oysters infected in an estuarine environment to study the diversity and dynamics of cultured microbial populations during disease expression. We observe that rapid Vibrio colonization followed by viral replication precedes oyster death. No correlation was found between the vibrio concentration and viral load in co-infected animals. We show that the quantity of viral DNA is a predictor of mortality, however, in the absence of bacteria, a high load of herpes virus is not sufficient to induce the full expression of the disease. In addition, we demonstrate that juvenile mortalities can occur in the absence of herpes virus, indicating that the herpes virus appears neither essential nor sufficient to cause juvenile deaths; whereas bacteria are necessary for the disease. Finally, we demonstrate that oysters are a reservoir of putative pathogens, and that the geographic origin, age, and cultivation method of oysters influence disease expression. Text Crassostrea gigas Unknown Frontiers in Microbiology 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
envir geo |
spellingShingle |
envir geo Petton, Bruno Bruto, Maxime James, Adele Labreuche, Yannick Alunno-bruscia, Marianne Le Roux, Frederique Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
topic_facet |
envir geo |
description |
Successive disease outbreaks in oyster (Crassostrea gigas) beds in France have resulted in dramatic losses in production, and subsequent decline in the oyster-farming industry. Deaths of juvenile oysters have been associated with the presence of a herpes virus (OsHV-1 µvar) and bacterial populations of the genus Vibrio. Although the pathogenicity of OsHV-1 µvar, as well as several strains of Vibrio has been demonstrated by experimental infections, our understanding of the complexity of infections occurring in the natural environment remains limited. In the present study, we use specific-pathogen-free (SPF) oysters infected in an estuarine environment to study the diversity and dynamics of cultured microbial populations during disease expression. We observe that rapid Vibrio colonization followed by viral replication precedes oyster death. No correlation was found between the vibrio concentration and viral load in co-infected animals. We show that the quantity of viral DNA is a predictor of mortality, however, in the absence of bacteria, a high load of herpes virus is not sufficient to induce the full expression of the disease. In addition, we demonstrate that juvenile mortalities can occur in the absence of herpes virus, indicating that the herpes virus appears neither essential nor sufficient to cause juvenile deaths; whereas bacteria are necessary for the disease. Finally, we demonstrate that oysters are a reservoir of putative pathogens, and that the geographic origin, age, and cultivation method of oysters influence disease expression. |
format |
Text |
author |
Petton, Bruno Bruto, Maxime James, Adele Labreuche, Yannick Alunno-bruscia, Marianne Le Roux, Frederique |
author_facet |
Petton, Bruno Bruto, Maxime James, Adele Labreuche, Yannick Alunno-bruscia, Marianne Le Roux, Frederique |
author_sort |
Petton, Bruno |
title |
Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
title_short |
Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
title_full |
Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
title_fullStr |
Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
title_sort |
crassostrea gigas mortality in france: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease |
publisher |
Frontiers Research Foundation |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/36377.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/ |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas |
op_source |
Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Frontiers In Microbiology (1664-302X) (Frontiers Research Foundation), 2015-07 , Vol. 6 , P. - |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 10670/1.kyb5ob https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/36377.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38220/ |
op_rights |
lic_creative-commons |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766393928203894784 |