Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks
Throughout their life, wild species face periods of food-deprivation that induce energy tradeoffs between survival, growth and reproduction. These fasting periods occur either when food availability is lacking due to adverse climatic conditions or because individuals are engaged in biological proces...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.jbb6c5 2023-05-15T14:02:11+02:00 Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks Flexibilité mitochondriale au cours du jeûne : étude chez le caneton de barbarie et le poussin de manchot royal Monternier, Pierre-Axel Lyon 1 Roussel, Damien 2015-09-17 http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10139 fr fre 10670/1.jbb6c5 http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10139 Theses.fr Efficacité mitochondriale Jeûne Muscle squelettique Manchot royal Canard de barbarie Mitochondrial efficiency Fast Skeletal muscles King penguin Muscovy ducklings envir geo Thesis https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_46ec/ 2015 fttriple 2023-01-22T17:02:09Z Throughout their life, wild species face periods of food-deprivation that induce energy tradeoffs between survival, growth and reproduction. These fasting periods occur either when food availability is lacking due to adverse climatic conditions or because individuals are engaged in biological processes that prevent food access. This later reason is particularly well illustrated in the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus), a sea bird that has to moult and reproduce on shore whereas he feed exclusively at sea. Moreover king penguin chicks exhibit exceptional survival capacities during their first year of life when they experience a long period of fast in winter. Thus, this species that lives in sub-Antarctic latitudes, is exposed to environmental and physiological energy constraints during food shortage periods. Since king penguins are endotherms, they need to maintain their body temperature at high level despite variations of ambient temperature. Thus thermoregulation is one of the most expensive process and skeletal muscles account for the greater part of heat production in birds. Several studies showed that despite long term cold exposure, energy expenditure of fasting birds decreases allowing energy savings and especially protein sparing. Since skeletal muscles have high implications in energy expenditure and heat production the question of their implication in energy saving mechanisms arises. During my PhD project I studied skeletal muscle metabolism through mitochondrial efficiency. These sub-cellular organelles are the last effectors of energy transduction from nutrient into ATP, an usable energy for cells. Our hypothesis is based on the flexibility of mitochondrial efficiency as a regulator of energy sparing mechanisms which would explain long term resistance to starvation. My studies were conducted in a wild species, the king penguin chicks, that are naturally acclimated to cold environment and experienced long term fasting stage. To further investigate mitochondrial plasticity in response to energy ... Thesis Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins Unknown Antarctic Manchot ENVELOPE(141.400,141.400,-66.817,-66.817) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
French |
topic |
Efficacité mitochondriale Jeûne Muscle squelettique Manchot royal Canard de barbarie Mitochondrial efficiency Fast Skeletal muscles King penguin Muscovy ducklings envir geo |
spellingShingle |
Efficacité mitochondriale Jeûne Muscle squelettique Manchot royal Canard de barbarie Mitochondrial efficiency Fast Skeletal muscles King penguin Muscovy ducklings envir geo Monternier, Pierre-Axel Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
topic_facet |
Efficacité mitochondriale Jeûne Muscle squelettique Manchot royal Canard de barbarie Mitochondrial efficiency Fast Skeletal muscles King penguin Muscovy ducklings envir geo |
description |
Throughout their life, wild species face periods of food-deprivation that induce energy tradeoffs between survival, growth and reproduction. These fasting periods occur either when food availability is lacking due to adverse climatic conditions or because individuals are engaged in biological processes that prevent food access. This later reason is particularly well illustrated in the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus), a sea bird that has to moult and reproduce on shore whereas he feed exclusively at sea. Moreover king penguin chicks exhibit exceptional survival capacities during their first year of life when they experience a long period of fast in winter. Thus, this species that lives in sub-Antarctic latitudes, is exposed to environmental and physiological energy constraints during food shortage periods. Since king penguins are endotherms, they need to maintain their body temperature at high level despite variations of ambient temperature. Thus thermoregulation is one of the most expensive process and skeletal muscles account for the greater part of heat production in birds. Several studies showed that despite long term cold exposure, energy expenditure of fasting birds decreases allowing energy savings and especially protein sparing. Since skeletal muscles have high implications in energy expenditure and heat production the question of their implication in energy saving mechanisms arises. During my PhD project I studied skeletal muscle metabolism through mitochondrial efficiency. These sub-cellular organelles are the last effectors of energy transduction from nutrient into ATP, an usable energy for cells. Our hypothesis is based on the flexibility of mitochondrial efficiency as a regulator of energy sparing mechanisms which would explain long term resistance to starvation. My studies were conducted in a wild species, the king penguin chicks, that are naturally acclimated to cold environment and experienced long term fasting stage. To further investigate mitochondrial plasticity in response to energy ... |
author2 |
Lyon 1 Roussel, Damien |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Monternier, Pierre-Axel |
author_facet |
Monternier, Pierre-Axel |
author_sort |
Monternier, Pierre-Axel |
title |
Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
title_short |
Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
title_full |
Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
title_fullStr |
Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting Muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
title_sort |
mitochondrial efficiency flexibility in fasting muscovy ducklings and king penguin chicks |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10139 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.400,141.400,-66.817,-66.817) |
geographic |
Antarctic Manchot |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Manchot |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins |
op_source |
Theses.fr |
op_relation |
10670/1.jbb6c5 http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10139 |
_version_ |
1766272303725805568 |