New models for distance estimation monophone data and sparse analysis : Application to transient signals and stationary signals on large scale bioacoustic data

• Main Author: Doh, Yann
• Other Authors: Toulon, Glotin, Hervé
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: 2014
• Subjects: Estimation de distance source-récepteur; Codage parcimonieux; Atténuation fréquentielle; Signaux transitoires; Signaux stationnaires; Source-receiver range estimation; Sparse coding; Frequency attenuation; Transient signals; Stationary signals; info; envir; Indian; Megaptera novaeangliae; Physeter macrocephalus
• Online Access: http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0020/document

Acoustic waves show low dispersion due to the underwater propagation, compared to the propagation in the air. Some species of cetaceans communicate at long distance, others use their sound production for orientation. The goal of the scientic area called bioacoustics is to study animal species based on the analysis of their emitted sound. Their sounds can be used to detect, to classify and to locate the cetaceans. Recordings can be done with an passive acoustic array of multiple hydrophones, but this method is expensive and difficult to deploy. Thus, in order to scale this approach, we propose in this Phd thesis several original single hydrophone models to analyze these stationary or transient signals.Firstly, we provide a new theoretical model to estimate the distance between the impulsive source (ex. biosonar of the cetacean) and the hydrophone. Our model, the Intra Spectral ATtenuation (ISAT), is based on the spectral signal alteration due to the underwater acoustic propagation, especially the differences in different frequency bands. We also approximated ISAT by an artificial neural network. Both models are validated on clicks emitted by sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) recorded by our sonobuoy BOMBYX and our data-acquisition system DECAV developed incollaboration with the National Park of Port-Cros (France) and the Pelagos sanctuary for the protection of marine mammals in the Mediterranean sea (France). The error (RMSE) measures on the recordings of the NATO test center in the Bahamas are about500 meters, promising further real applications. Secondly, we worked on the variations of the cetacean vocalizations using the sparse coding method. The encoding of thecepstrums by unsupervised learning of a dictionary shows bigrammic time changes of the songs of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). We validate this model on signals recorded in the Ste Marie Channel (Madagascar) between 2008 and 2014, through our network of hydrophones BAOBAB which is the first passive acoustic array deployed in the Indian ...