Études in vivo et in vitro sur le potentiel néphroprotecteur de plantes médicinales anti-diabétiques de la pharmacopée traditionnelle des Cris de la Baie-James

• Main Author: Li, Shilin
• Other Authors: Haddad, Pierre
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: 2016
• Subjects: envir; hist; Baie James; Darby; Cris; James Bay
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15994

Our team has identified Labrador tea [Rhododendron groenlandicum L. (Ericaceae)] as a potential antidiabetic plant from the traditional pharmacopeia of the Eastern James Bay Cree. In the present study, we assessed the plant’s potential renoprotective effects. Microalbuminuria and renal fibrosis was developed in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Meanwhile, there was a tendency for R. groenlandicum to improve microalbuminuria, with the values of area under the curve (ACR) reducing from 0.69 to 0.53. Renal fibrosis value was originally 4.85 arbitrary units (AU) in HFD-fed mice, dropped to 3.27 AU after receiving R. groenlandicum treatment. R. groenlandicum reduced renal steatosis by nearly one half whereas the expression of Bcl-2-modifying factor (Bmf) diminished from 13.96 AU to 9.43 AU. Taken altogether, the results suggest that R. groenlandicum treatment can improve renal function impaired by HFD. In the following study, our team has identified 17 Boreal forest species from the traditional pharmacopeia of the Eastern James Bay Cree that presented promising in vitro and in vivo biological activities in the context of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We now screened the 17 plants extracts for potential renal protective activity using Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells challenged with hypertonic medium. Cytoprotective potential as well as underlying mechanisms were investigated. We conclude that several Cree antidiabetic plants exert renal protective activity that may be relevant in the context of diabetic nephropathy that affects a significant proportion of Cree diabetics. G. hispidula and A. balsamea are amongst the most powerful plants in this context and they appear to exert their modulatory effect primarily by inhibiting caspase 9 in the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. We used a bioassay-guided fractionation approach to identify active fractions and compounds of A. balsamea with renal protective potential in vitro in MDCK cells challenged with hypertonic medium. The hexane (Hex) fraction possessed the highest ...