Observations, symptômes et lésions relevés sur l'avifaune sauvage de l'ain lors de l'épisode d'influenza aviaire H5N1 HP en 2006

Between February and August 2006, 490 wild birds grouped into 302 lots were collected in the East of France (Ain department). Virological tests were performed by the Departemental Laboratory. The M gene, common to all type A avian influenza viruses and detected by PCR on tracheal and cloacal swabs,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France
Main Authors: Baroux, Daniel, Neyron, Michel, Hars, Jean, Ruette, Sandrine, Vernet, François, Darbon, Fernand, Legouge, Arnaud, Lombard, Géraldine
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:French
Published: Paris : Académie Vétérinaire de France 2007
Subjects:
Ain
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.4267/2042/47875
https://www.persee.fr/doc/bavf_0001-4192_2007_num_160_2_8986
Description
Summary:Between February and August 2006, 490 wild birds grouped into 302 lots were collected in the East of France (Ain department). Virological tests were performed by the Departemental Laboratory. The M gene, common to all type A avian influenza viruses and detected by PCR on tracheal and cloacal swabs, was present in 41 lots, of which 39 originated from the Dombes area. The National Reference Laboratory (AFSSA Ploufragan) confirmed the presence of the highly pathogenic (HP) strain of H5N1 virus. Nervous signs were detected upon clinical examination in some of the birds. The autopsy showed predominantly congestive and hemorrhagic lesions (thoraco-abdominal cavity, heart and kidneys), often associated in mute swans with pulmonary emphysema, pancreatitis and encephalitis. Some of the birds with macroscopic or histological lesions had a negative PCR. The virus, probably introduced by the common pochard, Aythya ferina, affected mainly swans but also other aquatic or predatory birds. The outbreak lasted from February to April, and was limited to a few villages. Evidence of H5N1-HP excretion was found only in a small number of wild birds and disappeared as the weather started to warm up. Entre février et août 2006, 490 oiseaux sauvages regroupés en 302 lots ont été collectés dans le département de l’Ain et analysés au Laboratoire Départemental d’Analyses. L’analyse virologique par PCR des écouvillons trachéaux et cloacaux a révélé la présence du gène M commun aux virus influenza aviaires de type A dans 41 lots dont 39 provenaient de la Dombes. Le Laboratoire National de Référence (AFSSA Ploufragan) a confirmé la présence du virus H5N1 hautement pathogène (HP). Des oiseaux malades présentaient cliniquement des signes nerveux. À l’autopsie, les lésions congestivo-hémorragiques prédominaient (cavité thoraco-abdominale, coeur et reins), souvent associées, chez les cygnes tuberculés, à des lésions d’emphysème pulmonaire, de pancréatite et d’encéphalite. Certains oiseaux porteurs de lésions visibles à l’examen nécropsique ou ...