Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation
The Red Sea hosts a deep marine environment unique among the world’s oceans. It is occupied, almost homogeneously from the subsurface (~137 to 300 m) to depths over 2000 m, by a warm (~21.5°C) and highly saline (~40.5) water mass, referred to as the Red Sea Deep Water (RSDW). Previous studies sugges...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.8vxxv1 2023-05-15T17:31:05+02:00 Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation Yao, Fengchao Hoteit, Ibrahim https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/57403.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/ en eng Amer Assoc Advancement Science doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 10670/1.8vxxv1 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/57403.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/ lic_creative-commons other Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Science Advances (2375-2548) (Amer Assoc Advancement Science), 2018-06 , Vol. 4 , N. 6 , P. eaar5637 (10p.) envir geo Text https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_18cf/ fttriple https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 2023-01-22T17:38:52Z The Red Sea hosts a deep marine environment unique among the world’s oceans. It is occupied, almost homogeneously from the subsurface (~137 to 300 m) to depths over 2000 m, by a warm (~21.5°C) and highly saline (~40.5) water mass, referred to as the Red Sea Deep Water (RSDW). Previous studies suggested that the RSDW is mainly ventilated, continuously or intermittently, by dense outflows from the northern Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba with a resulting sluggish renewal time on the order of 36 to 90 years. We use six repeated hydrographic observations spanning the period 1982–2011 and simulations of an ocean general circulation model with realistic atmospheric forcing to show that large portions of the RSDW were episodically replaced during 1982–2001 by new dense waters mainly formed by open-ocean deep convections in the northern Red Sea during anomalously cold winters, pointing to a much shorter renewal time for the RSDW on the order of a decade. We further show that the winter cooling anomaly in the Red Sea region was a part of a large-scale climate variability pattern associated with either large volcanic eruptions or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Consequently, significant deep water formation events occurred in the Red Sea in the winters following the 1982 El Chichón eruption in Mexico and the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines and during the strong positive phase of the NAO in the winter of 1989 Text North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Unknown Science Advances 4 6 |
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envir geo Yao, Fengchao Hoteit, Ibrahim Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
topic_facet |
envir geo |
description |
The Red Sea hosts a deep marine environment unique among the world’s oceans. It is occupied, almost homogeneously from the subsurface (~137 to 300 m) to depths over 2000 m, by a warm (~21.5°C) and highly saline (~40.5) water mass, referred to as the Red Sea Deep Water (RSDW). Previous studies suggested that the RSDW is mainly ventilated, continuously or intermittently, by dense outflows from the northern Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba with a resulting sluggish renewal time on the order of 36 to 90 years. We use six repeated hydrographic observations spanning the period 1982–2011 and simulations of an ocean general circulation model with realistic atmospheric forcing to show that large portions of the RSDW were episodically replaced during 1982–2001 by new dense waters mainly formed by open-ocean deep convections in the northern Red Sea during anomalously cold winters, pointing to a much shorter renewal time for the RSDW on the order of a decade. We further show that the winter cooling anomaly in the Red Sea region was a part of a large-scale climate variability pattern associated with either large volcanic eruptions or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Consequently, significant deep water formation events occurred in the Red Sea in the winters following the 1982 El Chichón eruption in Mexico and the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines and during the strong positive phase of the NAO in the winter of 1989 |
format |
Text |
author |
Yao, Fengchao Hoteit, Ibrahim |
author_facet |
Yao, Fengchao Hoteit, Ibrahim |
author_sort |
Yao, Fengchao |
title |
Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_short |
Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_full |
Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_fullStr |
Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rapid Red Sea Deep Water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
title_sort |
rapid red sea deep water renewals caused by volcanic eruptions and the north atlantic oscillation |
publisher |
Amer Assoc Advancement Science |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/57403.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/ |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l'Ifremer Science Advances (2375-2548) (Amer Assoc Advancement Science), 2018-06 , Vol. 4 , N. 6 , P. eaar5637 (10p.) |
op_relation |
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 10670/1.8vxxv1 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/57403.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55748/ |
op_rights |
lic_creative-commons other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5637 |
container_title |
Science Advances |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
6 |
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1766128398139129856 |