Quantifier ou l’art de mesurer l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires : analyse empirico-formelle de la gestion sanitaire et environnementale des producteurs horticoles

• Main Author: Aubert, Magali
• Other Authors: Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National d'Etudes Supérieures Agronomiques de Montpellier, Jean-Marie Codron, Paule Moustier
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2017
• Subjects: these; envir; eco; Avian flu
• Online Access: https://hal.inrae.fr/tel-02790994/file/2017_Aubert_These_1.pdf; https://hal.inrae.fr/tel-02790994

The mad cow, avian flu and dioxin chicken crises have contributed to the strengthening of the sanitary and phytosanitary requirements of public authorities and private actors. This doctoral work is therefore part of an evolving context in which pesticides use is more regulated. Whereas public authorities have defined, at national level, MRLs (Maximum Residue Levels) and the list of authorized molecules, private actors have set up standards to ensure that all means have been put in place to ensure produce quality. A reduction in the use of pesticides has been a recurring objective of public authorities and private actors, especially producers. The literature on the reduction of phytosanitary products refers to innovations whose stakes concern the protection not only of consumers’ and farmers’ health but also of the environment. Insofar as the reduction of phytosanitary products is a complex process, in both quantitative and qualitative terms, this reflection is concerned both with factors that lead producers to implement more environmentally-friendly practices and with quantifications made of this use. The articulation between the theory, data and econometric modeling has guided the realization of the articles of this doctoral work. Two contexts are more specifically considered: wine-growers in France and tomato producers in Turkey. Their specificities make them relevant case studies. The wine industry in France is one of the most intensive in terms of the use of pesticides. The aim is to identify the levers that would allow this sector to reduce its use of pesticides. The choice of the tomato sector in Turkey is driven by the fact that the country is currently in the process of pre-accession, which implies harmonization of its legislation with European legislation, and secondly that the production of tomatoes, intended to be sold both on the local and the export markets, contributes strongly to the agricultural sector. The challenge is to analyze an emerging country whose regulation of the use of phytosanitary ...