Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
International audience The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main d...
Published in: | Scientific Reports |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2020
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799/file/s41598-020-77253-1.pdf https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799 |
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English |
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geo envir |
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geo envir Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, Laurent Ehrhold, A. Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
International audience The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period |
author2 |
Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique (CRBC) Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2) Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017) ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, Laurent Ehrhold, A. |
author_facet |
Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, Laurent Ehrhold, A. |
author_sort |
Lambert, C. |
title |
Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_short |
Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_full |
Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_fullStr |
Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_sort |
striking forest revival at the end of the roman period in north-western europe |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799/file/s41598-020-77253-1.pdf https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Hyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société ISSN: 2045-2322 EISSN: 2045-2322 Scientific Reports Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 10 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1⟩ |
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hal-03126799 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 10670/1.4zpxpo https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799/file/s41598-020-77253-1.pdf https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799 |
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lic_creative-commons other |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
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10 |
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1 |
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1766123222986653696 |
spelling |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.4zpxpo 2023-05-15T17:29:19+02:00 Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, Laurent Ehrhold, A. Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique (CRBC) Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2) Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017) ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010) 2020-12-01 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799/file/s41598-020-77253-1.pdf https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799 en eng HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group hal-03126799 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 10670/1.4zpxpo https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799/file/s41598-020-77253-1.pdf https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-03126799 lic_creative-commons other Hyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société ISSN: 2045-2322 EISSN: 2045-2322 Scientific Reports Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 10 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1⟩ geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2020 fttriple https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 2023-01-22T18:29:58Z International audience The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Unknown Scientific Reports 10 1 |