Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea)
How is life distributed on the Southern Ocean sea floor? How can we explain species distribution patterns, their origin and the underpinning drivers? These questions are central to macroecological studies, especially in regions facing fast environmental changes. The main objective of this thesis was...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.3sl843 2023-05-15T13:46:46+02:00 Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) Diversité et phylogéographie des asteries de l'Océan Austral (Asteroidea) Moreau, Camille Bourgogne Franche-Comté Université libre de Bruxelles (1970-.) Saucède, Thomas Danis, Bruno 2019-10-15 http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK061/document en eng 10670/1.3sl843 http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK061/document other Theses.fr Biogeographie Echinodermata Connectivité Océan Austral Phylogéographie Biogeography Connectivity Southern Ocean Phylogeography envir geo Thesis https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_46ec/ 2019 fttriple 2023-01-22T16:41:13Z How is life distributed on the Southern Ocean sea floor? How can we explain species distribution patterns, their origin and the underpinning drivers? These questions are central to macroecological studies, especially in regions facing fast environmental changes. The main objective of this thesis was to describe and characterise distribution patterns of sea stars species (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) with regards to reproductive strategy (i.e. brooding versus broadcasting), a key life history trait for species dispersal. I tested whether contrasting dispersal abilities between direct developers (brooders) and species with pelagic larvae in their development (broadcasters) result in distinct diversity and distribution patterns. At the scale of the Southern Ocean, I used both biogeographic (14,000 occurrence records) and phylogeographic approaches (five genera – Diplasterias, Notasterias, Lysasterias, Bathybiaster, Psilaster) to show that 1) biogeographic patterns are highly linked to reproductive strategy but these patterns also vary according to taxonomic levels, revealing the importance of historical factors. 2) Main biogeographic patterns are congruent with results obtained in previous works for other benthic taxa highlighting the prevalence of common biogeographic patterns like: the isolation of New Zealand fauna from the Antarctic, the high richness in the Scotia Arc region (particularly in brooders), the differentiation between East and West Antarctic species, and faunal affinities between southern South America and sub-Antarctic Islands. Overall, asteroids show low endemism levels compared to previously reported values, with 29% of species only occurring in the Antarctic Zone. 3) Phylogeographic patterns indicate that reproductive strategy is not directly related to the levels of genetic diversity nor to species richness but rather to the spatial structure of species distribution. Phylogeographic patterns analysed in broadcasters can be explained by different scenarios including deep‐sea colonisation routes, ... Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean Unknown Antarctic Austral New Zealand Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
Biogeographie Echinodermata Connectivité Océan Austral Phylogéographie Biogeography Connectivity Southern Ocean Phylogeography envir geo |
spellingShingle |
Biogeographie Echinodermata Connectivité Océan Austral Phylogéographie Biogeography Connectivity Southern Ocean Phylogeography envir geo Moreau, Camille Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
topic_facet |
Biogeographie Echinodermata Connectivité Océan Austral Phylogéographie Biogeography Connectivity Southern Ocean Phylogeography envir geo |
description |
How is life distributed on the Southern Ocean sea floor? How can we explain species distribution patterns, their origin and the underpinning drivers? These questions are central to macroecological studies, especially in regions facing fast environmental changes. The main objective of this thesis was to describe and characterise distribution patterns of sea stars species (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) with regards to reproductive strategy (i.e. brooding versus broadcasting), a key life history trait for species dispersal. I tested whether contrasting dispersal abilities between direct developers (brooders) and species with pelagic larvae in their development (broadcasters) result in distinct diversity and distribution patterns. At the scale of the Southern Ocean, I used both biogeographic (14,000 occurrence records) and phylogeographic approaches (five genera – Diplasterias, Notasterias, Lysasterias, Bathybiaster, Psilaster) to show that 1) biogeographic patterns are highly linked to reproductive strategy but these patterns also vary according to taxonomic levels, revealing the importance of historical factors. 2) Main biogeographic patterns are congruent with results obtained in previous works for other benthic taxa highlighting the prevalence of common biogeographic patterns like: the isolation of New Zealand fauna from the Antarctic, the high richness in the Scotia Arc region (particularly in brooders), the differentiation between East and West Antarctic species, and faunal affinities between southern South America and sub-Antarctic Islands. Overall, asteroids show low endemism levels compared to previously reported values, with 29% of species only occurring in the Antarctic Zone. 3) Phylogeographic patterns indicate that reproductive strategy is not directly related to the levels of genetic diversity nor to species richness but rather to the spatial structure of species distribution. Phylogeographic patterns analysed in broadcasters can be explained by different scenarios including deep‐sea colonisation routes, ... |
author2 |
Bourgogne Franche-Comté Université libre de Bruxelles (1970-.) Saucède, Thomas Danis, Bruno |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Moreau, Camille |
author_facet |
Moreau, Camille |
author_sort |
Moreau, Camille |
title |
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
title_short |
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
title_full |
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
title_fullStr |
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) |
title_sort |
diversity and phylogeography of southern ocean sea stars (asteroidea) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK061/document |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral New Zealand Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral New Zealand Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Theses.fr |
op_relation |
10670/1.3sl843 http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK061/document |
op_rights |
other |
_version_ |
1766245189733580800 |