Spermatozoa motility in bivalves: Signaling, flagellar beating behavior, and energetics

• Published in: Theriogenology
• Main Authors: Boulais, Myrina, Demoy-Schneider, Marina, Alavi, Sayyed Mohammad Hadi, Cosson, Jacky
• Other Authors: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé Papeete (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of Tehran, University of South Bohemia, ANR-11-INBS-0003,CRB-Anim,Réseau de Centres de Ressources Biologiques pour les animaux domestiques(2011), European Project: 245119,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,REPROSEED(2010)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2019
• Subjects: ACL; fertilization; sea-urchin; pacific oyster; pecten-maximus; energy-metabolism; Adenosine triphosphate (ATP); fresh-water clam; Ion signaling; oyster pinctada-margaritifera; pH; scallop; serotonin; Serotonin (5-HT); sperm motility; Spermatozoa motility; Spermatozoa velocity; envir; psy; Pacific; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.025; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02749005/file/S0093691X19302493.pdf; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02749005

WOS:000476579700004 Though bivalve mollusks are keystone species and major species groups in aquaculture production worldwide, gamete biology is still largely unknown. This review aims to provide a synthesis of current knowledge in the field of sperm biology, including spermatozoa motility, flagellar beating, and energy metabolism; and to illustrate cellular signaling controlling spermatozoa motility initiation in bivalves. Serotonin (5-HT) induces hyper-motility in spermatozoa via a 5-HT receptor, suggesting a serotoninergic system in the male reproductive tract that might regulate sperm physiology. Acidic pH and high concentration of K+ are inhibitory factors of spermatozoa motility in the testis. Motility is initiated at spawning by a Na+-dependent alkalization of intracellular pH mediated by a Na+/H+ exchanger. Increase of 5-HT in the testis and decrease of extracellular K+ when sperm is released in seawater induce hyperpolarization of spermatozoa membrane potential mediated by K+ efflux and associated with an increase in intracellular Ca2+ via opening of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels under alkaline conditions. These events activate dynein ATPases and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent proteins resulting in flagellar beating. It may be possible that 5-HT is also involved in intracellular CAMP rise controlling cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation in the flagellum. Once motility is triggered, flagellum beats in asymmetric wave pattern leading to circular trajectories of spermatozoa. Three different flagellar wave characteristics are reported, including "full", "twitching", and "declining" propagation of wave, which are described and illustrated in the present review. Mitochondrial respiration, ATP content, and metabolic pathways producing ATP in bivalve spermatozoa are discussed. Energy metabolism of Pacific oyster spermatozoa differs from previously studied marine species since oxidative phosphorylation synthetizes a stable level of ATP throughout 24-h motility period and the end of movement is not ...