Allee effect from parasite spill-back.
The exchange of native pathogens between wild and domesticated animals can lead to novel disease threats to wildlife. However, the dynamics of wild host-parasite systems exposed to a reservoir of domesticated hosts are not well understood. A simple mathematical model reveals that the spill-back of n...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:10670/1.10402/era.38100 2023-05-15T17:52:52+02:00 Allee effect from parasite spill-back. Krkošek, M. Ashander, J. Lewis, Mark A. Frazer, N. 2013-01-01 https://doi.org/10.7939/R3MW28N00 https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/0076f261-4f1c-421e-93af-42f68f86e768 en eng doi:10.7939/R3MW28N00 10670/1.10402/era.38100 https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/0076f261-4f1c-421e-93af-42f68f86e768 other ERA : Education and Research Archive envir geo Other https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_1843/ 2013 fttriple https://doi.org/10.7939/R3MW28N00 2023-01-22T18:22:00Z The exchange of native pathogens between wild and domesticated animals can lead to novel disease threats to wildlife. However, the dynamics of wild host-parasite systems exposed to a reservoir of domesticated hosts are not well understood. A simple mathematical model reveals that the spill-back of native parasites from domestic to wild hosts may cause a demographic Allee effect in the wild host population. A second model is tailored to the particulars of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), for which parasite spill-back is a conservation and fishery concern. In both models, parasite spill-back weakens the coupling of parasite and wild host abundance-particularly at low host abundance-causing parasites per host to increase as a wild host population declines. These findings show that parasites shared across host populations have effects analogous to those of generalist predators and can similarly cause an unstable equilibrium in a focal host population that separates persistence and extirpation. Allee effects in wildlife arising from parasite spill-back are likely to be most pronounced in systems where the magnitude of transmission from domestic to wild host populations is high because of high parasite abundance in domestic hosts, prolonged sympatry of domestic and wild hosts, a high transmission coefficient for parasites, long-lived parasite larvae, and proximity of domesticated populations to wildlife migration corridors Other/Unknown Material Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon Unknown |
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English |
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envir geo Krkošek, M. Ashander, J. Lewis, Mark A. Frazer, N. Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
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envir geo |
description |
The exchange of native pathogens between wild and domesticated animals can lead to novel disease threats to wildlife. However, the dynamics of wild host-parasite systems exposed to a reservoir of domesticated hosts are not well understood. A simple mathematical model reveals that the spill-back of native parasites from domestic to wild hosts may cause a demographic Allee effect in the wild host population. A second model is tailored to the particulars of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), for which parasite spill-back is a conservation and fishery concern. In both models, parasite spill-back weakens the coupling of parasite and wild host abundance-particularly at low host abundance-causing parasites per host to increase as a wild host population declines. These findings show that parasites shared across host populations have effects analogous to those of generalist predators and can similarly cause an unstable equilibrium in a focal host population that separates persistence and extirpation. Allee effects in wildlife arising from parasite spill-back are likely to be most pronounced in systems where the magnitude of transmission from domestic to wild host populations is high because of high parasite abundance in domestic hosts, prolonged sympatry of domestic and wild hosts, a high transmission coefficient for parasites, long-lived parasite larvae, and proximity of domesticated populations to wildlife migration corridors |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Krkošek, M. Ashander, J. Lewis, Mark A. Frazer, N. |
author_facet |
Krkošek, M. Ashander, J. Lewis, Mark A. Frazer, N. |
author_sort |
Krkošek, M. |
title |
Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
title_short |
Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
title_full |
Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
title_fullStr |
Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
title_sort |
allee effect from parasite spill-back. |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7939/R3MW28N00 https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/0076f261-4f1c-421e-93af-42f68f86e768 |
genre |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon |
genre_facet |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon |
op_source |
ERA : Education and Research Archive |
op_relation |
doi:10.7939/R3MW28N00 10670/1.10402/era.38100 https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/0076f261-4f1c-421e-93af-42f68f86e768 |
op_rights |
other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7939/R3MW28N00 |
_version_ |
1766160615712227328 |