Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster
The mid-17th century is characterized by a cluster of explosive volcanic eruptions in the 1630s and 1640s, climatic conditions culminating in the Maunder Minimum, and political instability and famine in regions of western and northern Europe as well as China and Japan. This contribution investigates...
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fttrinitycoll:oai:www.tara.tcd.ie:2262/102922 2024-09-15T17:46:56+00:00 Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster Routledge Handbook of the Digital Environmental Humanities Ludlow, Francis Charles Travis, Deborah Dixon, Luke Bergmann, Robert Legg, Arlene Crampsie Irish Research Council (IRC) Marie Curie IRCLA/2017/303 COALESCE/2019/43 70918 2022 1083 1108 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102922 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/1083/2022/ en eng Routledge Climate of the Past; 18; 5; Stoffel, M., Corona, C., Ludlow, F., Sigl, M., Huhtamaa, H., Garnier, E., Helama, S., Guillet, S., Crampsie, A., Kleemann, K., Camenisch, C., McConnell, J. and Gao, C., Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster, Climate of the Past, 18, 5, 2022, 1083 - 1108 Y http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102922 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow 256501 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/1083/2022/ orcid:0000-0003-0008-0314 Y openAccess Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet CLIMATE-CHANGE CLIMATOLOGY Early modern ireland colonial communities GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE Historical Climatology Humanities Irish History Irish Social History Irish and British History 1500-1800 Medieval Europe Palaeoclimatology environmental history tree-rings Environment and housing History Journal Article scholarly_publications refereed_publications 2022 fttrinitycoll https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 2024-08-15T04:52:30Z The mid-17th century is characterized by a cluster of explosive volcanic eruptions in the 1630s and 1640s, climatic conditions culminating in the Maunder Minimum, and political instability and famine in regions of western and northern Europe as well as China and Japan. This contribution investigates the sources of the eruptions of the 1630s and 1640s and their possible impact on contemporary climate using ice core, tree-ring, and historical evidence but will also look into the socio-political context in which they occurred and the human responses they may have triggered. Three distinct sulfur peaks are found in the Greenland ice core record in 1637, 1641–1642, and 1646. In Antarctica, only one unambiguous sulfate spike is recorded, peaking in 1642. The resulting bipolar sulfur peak in 1641–1642 can likely be ascribed to the eruption of Mount Parker (6∘ N, Philippines) on 26 December 1640, but sulfate emitted from Komaga-take (42∘ N, Japan) volcano on 31 July 1641 has potentially also contributed to the sulfate concentrations observed in Greenland at this time. The smaller peaks in 1637 and 1646 can be potentially attributed to the eruptions of Hekla (63∘ N, Iceland) and Shiveluch (56∘ N, Russia), respectively. To date, however, none of the candidate volcanoes for the mid-17th century sulfate peaks have been confirmed with tephra preserved in ice cores. Tree-ring and written sources point to cold conditions in the late 1630s and early 1640s in various parts of Europe and to poor harvests. Yet the early 17th century was also characterized by widespread warfare across Europe – and in particular the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) – rendering any attribution of socio-economic crisis to volcanism challenging. In China and Japan, historical sources point to extreme droughts and famines starting in 1638 (China) and 1640 (Japan), thereby preceding the eruptions of Komaga-take (31 July 1640) and Mount Parker (4 January 1641). The case of the eruption cluster between 1637 and 1646 and the climatic and societal conditions ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice core Hekla ice core Iceland The University of Dublin, Trinity College: TARA (Trinity's Access to Research Archive) Climate of the Past 18 5 1083 1108 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Dublin, Trinity College: TARA (Trinity's Access to Research Archive) |
op_collection_id |
fttrinitycoll |
language |
English |
topic |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet CLIMATE-CHANGE CLIMATOLOGY Early modern ireland colonial communities GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE Historical Climatology Humanities Irish History Irish Social History Irish and British History 1500-1800 Medieval Europe Palaeoclimatology environmental history tree-rings Environment and housing History |
spellingShingle |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet CLIMATE-CHANGE CLIMATOLOGY Early modern ireland colonial communities GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE Historical Climatology Humanities Irish History Irish Social History Irish and British History 1500-1800 Medieval Europe Palaeoclimatology environmental history tree-rings Environment and housing History Ludlow, Francis Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
topic_facet |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet CLIMATE-CHANGE CLIMATOLOGY Early modern ireland colonial communities GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE Historical Climatology Humanities Irish History Irish Social History Irish and British History 1500-1800 Medieval Europe Palaeoclimatology environmental history tree-rings Environment and housing History |
description |
The mid-17th century is characterized by a cluster of explosive volcanic eruptions in the 1630s and 1640s, climatic conditions culminating in the Maunder Minimum, and political instability and famine in regions of western and northern Europe as well as China and Japan. This contribution investigates the sources of the eruptions of the 1630s and 1640s and their possible impact on contemporary climate using ice core, tree-ring, and historical evidence but will also look into the socio-political context in which they occurred and the human responses they may have triggered. Three distinct sulfur peaks are found in the Greenland ice core record in 1637, 1641–1642, and 1646. In Antarctica, only one unambiguous sulfate spike is recorded, peaking in 1642. The resulting bipolar sulfur peak in 1641–1642 can likely be ascribed to the eruption of Mount Parker (6∘ N, Philippines) on 26 December 1640, but sulfate emitted from Komaga-take (42∘ N, Japan) volcano on 31 July 1641 has potentially also contributed to the sulfate concentrations observed in Greenland at this time. The smaller peaks in 1637 and 1646 can be potentially attributed to the eruptions of Hekla (63∘ N, Iceland) and Shiveluch (56∘ N, Russia), respectively. To date, however, none of the candidate volcanoes for the mid-17th century sulfate peaks have been confirmed with tephra preserved in ice cores. Tree-ring and written sources point to cold conditions in the late 1630s and early 1640s in various parts of Europe and to poor harvests. Yet the early 17th century was also characterized by widespread warfare across Europe – and in particular the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) – rendering any attribution of socio-economic crisis to volcanism challenging. In China and Japan, historical sources point to extreme droughts and famines starting in 1638 (China) and 1640 (Japan), thereby preceding the eruptions of Komaga-take (31 July 1640) and Mount Parker (4 January 1641). The case of the eruption cluster between 1637 and 1646 and the climatic and societal conditions ... |
author2 |
Charles Travis, Deborah Dixon, Luke Bergmann, Robert Legg, Arlene Crampsie Irish Research Council (IRC) Marie Curie IRCLA/2017/303 COALESCE/2019/43 70918 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ludlow, Francis |
author_facet |
Ludlow, Francis |
author_sort |
Ludlow, Francis |
title |
Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
title_short |
Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
title_full |
Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
title_fullStr |
Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster |
title_sort |
climatic, weather and socio-economic conditions corresponding with the mid-17th century eruption cluster |
publisher |
Routledge |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102922 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/1083/2022/ |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice core Hekla ice core Iceland |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice core Hekla ice core Iceland |
op_relation |
Climate of the Past; 18; 5; Stoffel, M., Corona, C., Ludlow, F., Sigl, M., Huhtamaa, H., Garnier, E., Helama, S., Guillet, S., Crampsie, A., Kleemann, K., Camenisch, C., McConnell, J. and Gao, C., Climatic, Weather and Socio-Economic Conditions Corresponding with the mid-17th Century Eruption Cluster, Climate of the Past, 18, 5, 2022, 1083 - 1108 Y http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102922 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow 256501 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/1083/2022/ orcid:0000-0003-0008-0314 |
op_rights |
Y openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1083-2022 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1083 |
op_container_end_page |
1108 |
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1810495363633643520 |