Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism
Explosive volcanism is a key contributor to climate variability on interannual to centennial timescales1. Understanding the far-field societal impacts of eruption-forced climatic changes requires firm event chronologies and reliable estimates of both the burden and altitude (that is, tropospheric ve...
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fttrinitycoll:oai:www.tara.tcd.ie:2262/102917 2024-09-15T18:09:58+00:00 Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism Routledge Handbook of the Digital Environmental Humanities Ludlow, Francis Yang, Zhen Charles Travis, Deborah Dixon, Luke Bergmann, Robert Legg, Arlene Crampsie Irish Research Council (IRC) European Research Council (ERC) IRCLA/2017/303 951649 2023 90 95 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102917 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow http://people.tcd.ie/yangz1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05751-z#Fun en eng Routledge NATURE; 616; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/951649 Guillet, S., Corona, C., Oppenheimer, C., Lavigne, F., Khodri, M., Ludlow, F., Sigl, M., Toohey, M., Atkins, P., Yang, Z., Muranaka, T., Horikawa, N., Stoffel, M., Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism, NATURE, 2023 Apr;616(7955):90-95 0028-0836 Y http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102917 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow http://people.tcd.ie/yangz1 256504 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05751-z#Fun orcid:0000-0003-0008-0314 Y openAccess Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet Humanities ICE CORE Lunar eclipse Medieval Europe Medieval History PALEOCLIMATE Tree-Ring Volcanology dendrochronology environmental history explosive volcanism Environment and housing History Journal Article scholarly_publications refereed_publications 2023 fttrinitycoll https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z 2024-08-15T04:52:29Z Explosive volcanism is a key contributor to climate variability on interannual to centennial timescales1. Understanding the far-field societal impacts of eruption-forced climatic changes requires firm event chronologies and reliable estimates of both the burden and altitude (that is, tropospheric versus stratospheric) of volcanic sulfate aerosol2,3. However, despite progress in ice-core dating, uncertainties remain in these key factors4. This particularly hinders investigation of the role of large, temporally clustered eruptions during the High Medieval Period (HMP, 1100-1300 CE), which have been implicated in the transition from the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age5. Here we shed new light on explosive volcanism during the HMP, drawing on analysis of contemporary reports of total lunar eclipses, from which we derive a time series of stratospheric turbidity. By combining this new record with aerosol model simulations and tree-ring-based climate proxies, we refine the estimated dates of five notable eruptions and associate each with stratospheric aerosol veils. Five further eruptions, including one responsible for high sulfur deposition over Greenland circa 1182 CE, affected only the troposphere and had muted climatic consequences. Our findings offer support for further investigation of the decadal-scale to centennial-scale climate response to volcanic eruptions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland ice core The University of Dublin, Trinity College: TARA (Trinity's Access to Research Archive) Nature 616 7955 90 95 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Dublin, Trinity College: TARA (Trinity's Access to Research Archive) |
op_collection_id |
fttrinitycoll |
language |
English |
topic |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet Humanities ICE CORE Lunar eclipse Medieval Europe Medieval History PALEOCLIMATE Tree-Ring Volcanology dendrochronology environmental history explosive volcanism Environment and housing History |
spellingShingle |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet Humanities ICE CORE Lunar eclipse Medieval Europe Medieval History PALEOCLIMATE Tree-Ring Volcanology dendrochronology environmental history explosive volcanism Environment and housing History Ludlow, Francis Yang, Zhen Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
topic_facet |
Digital Humanities Making Ireland Smart & Sustainable Planet Humanities ICE CORE Lunar eclipse Medieval Europe Medieval History PALEOCLIMATE Tree-Ring Volcanology dendrochronology environmental history explosive volcanism Environment and housing History |
description |
Explosive volcanism is a key contributor to climate variability on interannual to centennial timescales1. Understanding the far-field societal impacts of eruption-forced climatic changes requires firm event chronologies and reliable estimates of both the burden and altitude (that is, tropospheric versus stratospheric) of volcanic sulfate aerosol2,3. However, despite progress in ice-core dating, uncertainties remain in these key factors4. This particularly hinders investigation of the role of large, temporally clustered eruptions during the High Medieval Period (HMP, 1100-1300 CE), which have been implicated in the transition from the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age5. Here we shed new light on explosive volcanism during the HMP, drawing on analysis of contemporary reports of total lunar eclipses, from which we derive a time series of stratospheric turbidity. By combining this new record with aerosol model simulations and tree-ring-based climate proxies, we refine the estimated dates of five notable eruptions and associate each with stratospheric aerosol veils. Five further eruptions, including one responsible for high sulfur deposition over Greenland circa 1182 CE, affected only the troposphere and had muted climatic consequences. Our findings offer support for further investigation of the decadal-scale to centennial-scale climate response to volcanic eruptions. |
author2 |
Charles Travis, Deborah Dixon, Luke Bergmann, Robert Legg, Arlene Crampsie Irish Research Council (IRC) European Research Council (ERC) IRCLA/2017/303 951649 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ludlow, Francis Yang, Zhen |
author_facet |
Ludlow, Francis Yang, Zhen |
author_sort |
Ludlow, Francis |
title |
Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
title_short |
Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
title_full |
Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
title_fullStr |
Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism |
title_sort |
lunar eclipses illuminate timing and climate impact of medieval volcanism |
publisher |
Routledge |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102917 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow http://people.tcd.ie/yangz1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05751-z#Fun |
genre |
Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice core |
op_relation |
NATURE; 616; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/951649 Guillet, S., Corona, C., Oppenheimer, C., Lavigne, F., Khodri, M., Ludlow, F., Sigl, M., Toohey, M., Atkins, P., Yang, Z., Muranaka, T., Horikawa, N., Stoffel, M., Lunar Eclipses Illuminate Timing and Climate Impact of Medieval Volcanism, NATURE, 2023 Apr;616(7955):90-95 0028-0836 Y http://hdl.handle.net/2262/102917 http://people.tcd.ie/fludlow http://people.tcd.ie/yangz1 256504 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05751-z#Fun orcid:0000-0003-0008-0314 |
op_rights |
Y openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05751-z |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
616 |
container_issue |
7955 |
container_start_page |
90 |
op_container_end_page |
95 |
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1810447579572338688 |