Characterization of Titan?s Ontario Lacus region from Cassini/VIMS observations

• Published in: Icarus
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2012
• Subjects: Titan; Satellitesurfaces; Infrared observations; Image processing; Dark Lake; South Pole; South pole
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2262/63288; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.07.023

Abstract Liquid hydrocarbons were long predicted on Titan?s surface before the RADAR instrument onboard Cassini detected lakes poleward of 70?N in July 2006. Before that the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) observed a lake-like feature in the South Pole, named Ontario Lacus, in July 2004. Here we analyze one observation of Ontario Lacus taken by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) on 2007 December 5, during the T 38 flyby. This is the best spatially resolved image of a Titan lake to date by an imaging spectrometer, and has been previously reported in Brown et al. (2008) and in Barnes et al. (2009). The observing geometry and our data processing will be explained, followed by a discussion of the main characteristics of the image. The analyzed image covers a small portion of Ontario Lacus and shows what appears from RADAR data to be a region of modest slope (?ramp?) adjacent to the dark lake itself. Our analysis of 5.0 ?m spectral data suggests that the previously reported absorption feature of ethane seen at shorter wavelengths may be produced by damp sediments adjacent to the main liquid basin. The latter appears to be absorbing all of the photons incident upon it in the 5 ?m spectral region and shows no discernible absorption features. A characterization of the basin composition and morphology is developed with the help of ISS and RADAR observations. The simplest model consistent with the data is an optically deep lake surrounded by a region in which ethane, propane, possibly methane, and other, less volatile hydrocarbons and nitriles are present mixed into spectroscopically neutral sediments. The dominance of relatively low vapor pressure organics outside the lake itself suggests a retreat of Ontario Lacus associated with evaporation on seasonal or longer timescales, consistent with analysis of RADAR and ISS images. correspondence: Corresponding author. (Moriconi, M.L.) [e-mail] (Moriconi, M.L.) Institute of Atmospheric Science and Climate-CNR - Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Moriconi, M.L.) ITALY (Moriconi, M.L.) IFSI-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Lunine, J.I.) Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata - Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1--> , 00133 Roma--> - ITALY (Lunine, J.I.) IFSI-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Adriani, A.) IFSI-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (D?Aversa, E.) IFSI-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Negr?o, A.) ESTG-IPL--> , P-2400--> , Leiria--> - PORTUGAL (Negr?o, A.) IASF-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Filacchione, G.) IFSI-INAF--> , Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100--> , I-00133--> , Rome--> - ITALY (Coradini, A.) ITALY PORTUGAL Received: 2009-10-15 Revised: 2010-07-22 Accepted: 2010-07-27