Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin
Penguins use the wings (flippers) to swim underwater and demonstrate excellent capability such as long-distance travel and agile maneuvers for foraging or escaping. Although previous 2-D kinematics studies depicted the basic lift-based propulsion mechanism, the details of the 3-D wing kinematics, wi...
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fttokyotech:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50566120 2023-07-30T04:03:34+02:00 Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin 原田 夏輝 Natsuki Harada 大浦 琢真 Takuma Oura Masateru Maeda 沈 雅怡 Yayi Shen Dale M. Kikuchi 田中 博人 Hiroto Tanaka 2021-02-28 http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100844464 eng eng http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100844464 oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50566120 Conference Paper 2021 fttokyotech 2023-07-10T23:29:19Z Penguins use the wings (flippers) to swim underwater and demonstrate excellent capability such as long-distance travel and agile maneuvers for foraging or escaping. Although previous 2-D kinematics studies depicted the basic lift-based propulsion mechanism, the details of the 3-D wing kinematics, wing deformation, and thrust generation mechanism are largely unknown. In this study, we reconstructed the 3-D kinematics of a gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) in slow forward swimming at an aquarium using multidirectional videos recorded by twelve underwater cameras. We also conducted water tunnel experiments with a 3-D printed wing to obtain its lift and drag coefficients for various angles of attack. Combining the obtained kinematics and hydrodynamic force characteristics, the thrust of the wings was calculated in a quasi-steady manner. In the calculation, the effect of the wing deformation was evaluated by comparing the following two cases: (1) an original case where the wing kinematics include original bending deformation; and (2) a rigid case where the wing was flattened. The kinematic measurements revealed that the wings are dynamically bent in accordance with flapping, which decreases the magnitude of angle of attack during both upstroke and downstroke. Moreover, the comparison of the original and rigid cases demonstrated that greater thrust was generated in the original case, where the excess angle of attack is suppressed by the wing bending. The present study provides a qualitative mechanism of lift-based propulsion in penguins and imply the importance of wing bending on thrust generation. Conference Object Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua T2R2 (Tokyo Tech Research Repository) |
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Open Polar |
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T2R2 (Tokyo Tech Research Repository) |
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fttokyotech |
language |
English |
description |
Penguins use the wings (flippers) to swim underwater and demonstrate excellent capability such as long-distance travel and agile maneuvers for foraging or escaping. Although previous 2-D kinematics studies depicted the basic lift-based propulsion mechanism, the details of the 3-D wing kinematics, wing deformation, and thrust generation mechanism are largely unknown. In this study, we reconstructed the 3-D kinematics of a gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) in slow forward swimming at an aquarium using multidirectional videos recorded by twelve underwater cameras. We also conducted water tunnel experiments with a 3-D printed wing to obtain its lift and drag coefficients for various angles of attack. Combining the obtained kinematics and hydrodynamic force characteristics, the thrust of the wings was calculated in a quasi-steady manner. In the calculation, the effect of the wing deformation was evaluated by comparing the following two cases: (1) an original case where the wing kinematics include original bending deformation; and (2) a rigid case where the wing was flattened. The kinematic measurements revealed that the wings are dynamically bent in accordance with flapping, which decreases the magnitude of angle of attack during both upstroke and downstroke. Moreover, the comparison of the original and rigid cases demonstrated that greater thrust was generated in the original case, where the excess angle of attack is suppressed by the wing bending. The present study provides a qualitative mechanism of lift-based propulsion in penguins and imply the importance of wing bending on thrust generation. |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
原田 夏輝 Natsuki Harada 大浦 琢真 Takuma Oura Masateru Maeda 沈 雅怡 Yayi Shen Dale M. Kikuchi 田中 博人 Hiroto Tanaka |
spellingShingle |
原田 夏輝 Natsuki Harada 大浦 琢真 Takuma Oura Masateru Maeda 沈 雅怡 Yayi Shen Dale M. Kikuchi 田中 博人 Hiroto Tanaka Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
author_facet |
原田 夏輝 Natsuki Harada 大浦 琢真 Takuma Oura Masateru Maeda 沈 雅怡 Yayi Shen Dale M. Kikuchi 田中 博人 Hiroto Tanaka |
author_sort |
原田 夏輝 |
title |
Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
title_short |
Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
title_full |
Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
title_fullStr |
Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
title_full_unstemmed |
Kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
title_sort |
kinematics and hydrodynamics analyses of flapping-wing swimming in a penguin |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100844464 |
genre |
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua |
genre_facet |
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua |
op_relation |
http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100844464 oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50566120 |
_version_ |
1772814609496932352 |