Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present
Background: Adequate iodine nutrition is dependent on ground water content, seafood, and, as many countries use iodized cow fodder, dairy products. In most countries, salt fortification programs are needed to assure adequate iodine intake. Objectives: The objectives are threefold: 1) to describe the...
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ftthl:oai:www.julkari.fi:10024/130724 2023-05-15T16:49:05+02:00 Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present Nyström, Helena Filipsson Brantsaeter, Anne Lise Erlund, Iris Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjörg Hulthén, Lena Laurberg, Lena Mattisson, Irene Rasmussen, Lone B. Virtanen, Suvi Meltzer, Helle Margrete 2016 http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/130724 EN eng Food & Nutrition Research 1654-6628 60 http://www.foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/31969 10.3402/fnr.v60.31969 DT0CE http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/130724 URN:NBN:fi-fe2016061013527 31969 WOS:000381149300001 WOS iodine goiter history thyroid fortification Iceland Norway Sweden Finland Denmark A2_Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä (Review article, Literature review, Systematic review) 2016 ftthl 2020-02-26T23:46:36Z Background: Adequate iodine nutrition is dependent on ground water content, seafood, and, as many countries use iodized cow fodder, dairy products. In most countries, salt fortification programs are needed to assure adequate iodine intake. Objectives: The objectives are threefold: 1) to describe the past and present iodine situation in the Nordic countries, 2) to identify important gaps of knowledge, and 3) to highlight differences among the Nordic countries’ iodine biomonitoring and fortification policies. Design: Historical data are compared with the current situation. The Nordic countries’ strategies to achieve recommended intake and urine iodine levels and their respective success rates are evaluated. Results: In the past, the iodine situation ranged from excellent in Iceland to widespread goiter and cretinism in large areas of Sweden. The situation was less severe in Norway and Finland. According to a 1960 World Health Organization (WHO) report, there were then no observations of iodine deficiency in Denmark. In Sweden and Finland, the fortification of table salt was introduced 50–75 years ago, and in Norway and Finland, the fortification of cow fodder starting in the 1950s helped improve the population’s iodine status due to the high intake of milk. In Denmark, iodine has been added to household salt and salt in bread for the past 15 years. The Nordic countries differ with regard to regulations and degree of governmental involvement. There are indications that pregnant and lactating women, the two most vulnerable groups, are mildly deficient in iodine in several of the Nordic countries. Conclusion: The Nordic countries employ different strategies to attain adequate iodine nutrition. The situation is not optimal and is in need of re-evaluation. Iodine researchers, Nordic national food administrations, and Nordic governmental institutions would benefit from collaboration to attain a broader approach and guarantee good iodine health for all. Other/Unknown Material Iceland National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland: Julkari Norway |
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Open Polar |
collection |
National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland: Julkari |
op_collection_id |
ftthl |
language |
English |
topic |
iodine goiter history thyroid fortification Iceland Norway Sweden Finland Denmark |
spellingShingle |
iodine goiter history thyroid fortification Iceland Norway Sweden Finland Denmark Nyström, Helena Filipsson Brantsaeter, Anne Lise Erlund, Iris Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjörg Hulthén, Lena Laurberg, Lena Mattisson, Irene Rasmussen, Lone B. Virtanen, Suvi Meltzer, Helle Margrete Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
topic_facet |
iodine goiter history thyroid fortification Iceland Norway Sweden Finland Denmark |
description |
Background: Adequate iodine nutrition is dependent on ground water content, seafood, and, as many countries use iodized cow fodder, dairy products. In most countries, salt fortification programs are needed to assure adequate iodine intake. Objectives: The objectives are threefold: 1) to describe the past and present iodine situation in the Nordic countries, 2) to identify important gaps of knowledge, and 3) to highlight differences among the Nordic countries’ iodine biomonitoring and fortification policies. Design: Historical data are compared with the current situation. The Nordic countries’ strategies to achieve recommended intake and urine iodine levels and their respective success rates are evaluated. Results: In the past, the iodine situation ranged from excellent in Iceland to widespread goiter and cretinism in large areas of Sweden. The situation was less severe in Norway and Finland. According to a 1960 World Health Organization (WHO) report, there were then no observations of iodine deficiency in Denmark. In Sweden and Finland, the fortification of table salt was introduced 50–75 years ago, and in Norway and Finland, the fortification of cow fodder starting in the 1950s helped improve the population’s iodine status due to the high intake of milk. In Denmark, iodine has been added to household salt and salt in bread for the past 15 years. The Nordic countries differ with regard to regulations and degree of governmental involvement. There are indications that pregnant and lactating women, the two most vulnerable groups, are mildly deficient in iodine in several of the Nordic countries. Conclusion: The Nordic countries employ different strategies to attain adequate iodine nutrition. The situation is not optimal and is in need of re-evaluation. Iodine researchers, Nordic national food administrations, and Nordic governmental institutions would benefit from collaboration to attain a broader approach and guarantee good iodine health for all. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Nyström, Helena Filipsson Brantsaeter, Anne Lise Erlund, Iris Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjörg Hulthén, Lena Laurberg, Lena Mattisson, Irene Rasmussen, Lone B. Virtanen, Suvi Meltzer, Helle Margrete |
author_facet |
Nyström, Helena Filipsson Brantsaeter, Anne Lise Erlund, Iris Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjörg Hulthén, Lena Laurberg, Lena Mattisson, Irene Rasmussen, Lone B. Virtanen, Suvi Meltzer, Helle Margrete |
author_sort |
Nyström, Helena Filipsson |
title |
Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
title_short |
Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
title_full |
Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
title_fullStr |
Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iodine status in the Nordic countries : past and present |
title_sort |
iodine status in the nordic countries : past and present |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/130724 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
WOS |
op_relation |
Food & Nutrition Research 1654-6628 60 http://www.foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/31969 10.3402/fnr.v60.31969 DT0CE http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/130724 URN:NBN:fi-fe2016061013527 31969 WOS:000381149300001 |
_version_ |
1766039160326455296 |