Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects
Predators can have large effects on prey populations and on the structure and function of communities. In addition to direct consumption of prey, predators often cause prey to alter their foraging behavior, habitat selection, and morphology. These non-lethal effects of predators can propagate to mul...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2011
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 |
id |
fttexasamuniv:oai:oaktrust.library.tamu.edu:1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttexasamuniv:oai:oaktrust.library.tamu.edu:1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 2023-07-16T04:01:19+02:00 Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects Large, Scott Isaac Smee, Delbert L. Stunz, Gregory W. Overath, Regina D. Shirley, Thomas C. August 2011 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 en_US eng https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 Carcinus maenas Nucella lapillus Chemical cue Chemical ecology Nonlethal predator effect Predator–prey interaction Predator diet Prey behavior Dogwhelk Green crab Hydrodynamics Intermediate consumer Non-consumptive predator effect Predator avoidance behavior Microsatellite Biogeography Cancer irroratus Cancer borealis Jonah crab Rock crab Thesis text 2011 fttexasamuniv 2023-06-27T22:07:18Z Predators can have large effects on prey populations and on the structure and function of communities. In addition to direct consumption of prey, predators often cause prey to alter their foraging behavior, habitat selection, and morphology. These non-lethal effects of predators can propagate to multiple trophic levels and often exert equal or larger effects upon communities than those of direct consumption. For non-lethal predatory effects to occur, prey must detect and respond to predation risk. While the importance of information transfer in this process has been realized, few studies explore how prey responses are influenced by predator characteristics and environmental conditions that influence the transmission of cues indicative of predation risk. In this dissertation I investigate factors that influence how a single prey species evaluates and responds to predation risk. Here, I examined: 1) the type and nature of cues prey use to evaluate predator risk; 2) how predator identity, predator diet, and the relative risk of predators influence prey response to predation risk; 3) how hydrodynamic conditions influence the delivery of predator cues; 4) how biogeographic trends in predator distribution influence prey response to predation risk; and 5) how genetic structure might vary according to prey geographic location and habitat. To address these questions, I used a common intertidal model system consisting of the rocky intertidal whelk Nucella lapillus (Linnaeus, 1758) and a suite of its predators, the native rock crab Cancer irroratus (Say, 1817), Jonah crab Cancer borealis (Stimpson, 1859), and the invasive green crab Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758). Nucella use chemical cues emanating from their most common predator (Carcinus maenas) and crushed conspecifics to evaluate predation risk. Nucella from different habitats experience different levels of predation risk, and Nucella from habitats with high levels of predation had larger antipredatory responses to predator risk cues than Nucella that experienced ... Thesis Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus Texas A&M University Digital Repository Crab Rock ENVELOPE(-55.965,-55.965,53.583,53.583) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Texas A&M University Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
fttexasamuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Carcinus maenas Nucella lapillus Chemical cue Chemical ecology Nonlethal predator effect Predator–prey interaction Predator diet Prey behavior Dogwhelk Green crab Hydrodynamics Intermediate consumer Non-consumptive predator effect Predator avoidance behavior Microsatellite Biogeography Cancer irroratus Cancer borealis Jonah crab Rock crab |
spellingShingle |
Carcinus maenas Nucella lapillus Chemical cue Chemical ecology Nonlethal predator effect Predator–prey interaction Predator diet Prey behavior Dogwhelk Green crab Hydrodynamics Intermediate consumer Non-consumptive predator effect Predator avoidance behavior Microsatellite Biogeography Cancer irroratus Cancer borealis Jonah crab Rock crab Large, Scott Isaac Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
topic_facet |
Carcinus maenas Nucella lapillus Chemical cue Chemical ecology Nonlethal predator effect Predator–prey interaction Predator diet Prey behavior Dogwhelk Green crab Hydrodynamics Intermediate consumer Non-consumptive predator effect Predator avoidance behavior Microsatellite Biogeography Cancer irroratus Cancer borealis Jonah crab Rock crab |
description |
Predators can have large effects on prey populations and on the structure and function of communities. In addition to direct consumption of prey, predators often cause prey to alter their foraging behavior, habitat selection, and morphology. These non-lethal effects of predators can propagate to multiple trophic levels and often exert equal or larger effects upon communities than those of direct consumption. For non-lethal predatory effects to occur, prey must detect and respond to predation risk. While the importance of information transfer in this process has been realized, few studies explore how prey responses are influenced by predator characteristics and environmental conditions that influence the transmission of cues indicative of predation risk. In this dissertation I investigate factors that influence how a single prey species evaluates and responds to predation risk. Here, I examined: 1) the type and nature of cues prey use to evaluate predator risk; 2) how predator identity, predator diet, and the relative risk of predators influence prey response to predation risk; 3) how hydrodynamic conditions influence the delivery of predator cues; 4) how biogeographic trends in predator distribution influence prey response to predation risk; and 5) how genetic structure might vary according to prey geographic location and habitat. To address these questions, I used a common intertidal model system consisting of the rocky intertidal whelk Nucella lapillus (Linnaeus, 1758) and a suite of its predators, the native rock crab Cancer irroratus (Say, 1817), Jonah crab Cancer borealis (Stimpson, 1859), and the invasive green crab Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758). Nucella use chemical cues emanating from their most common predator (Carcinus maenas) and crushed conspecifics to evaluate predation risk. Nucella from different habitats experience different levels of predation risk, and Nucella from habitats with high levels of predation had larger antipredatory responses to predator risk cues than Nucella that experienced ... |
author2 |
Smee, Delbert L. Stunz, Gregory W. Overath, Regina D. Shirley, Thomas C. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Large, Scott Isaac |
author_facet |
Large, Scott Isaac |
author_sort |
Large, Scott Isaac |
title |
Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
title_short |
Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
title_full |
Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
title_fullStr |
Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeographic Patterns, Predator Identity, and Chemical Signals Influence the Occurrence and Magnitude of Non-lethal Predator Effects |
title_sort |
biogeographic patterns, predator identity, and chemical signals influence the occurrence and magnitude of non-lethal predator effects |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-55.965,-55.965,53.583,53.583) |
geographic |
Crab Rock |
geographic_facet |
Crab Rock |
genre |
Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus |
genre_facet |
Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus |
op_relation |
https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10231 |
_version_ |
1771551001862471680 |