Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road
The megatrends of climate change, China's Belt and Road Initiative, and the Western sanctions against Russia have made the once calm Arctic an arena of geopolitical competition. Before the Crimea crisis of 2014, the Nordics were the primary advocates for a Chinese role in the Arctic when Russia...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/120707 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/bitstream/987654321/120707/3/index.html |
id |
fttamkanguniv:oai:tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:987654321/120707 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttamkanguniv:oai:tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:987654321/120707 2023-05-15T14:36:28+02:00 Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road Biedermann, Reinhard 2021-05-26 111 bytes text/html https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/120707 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/bitstream/987654321/120707/3/index.html en eng Taylor & Francis Journal of Contemporary European Studies 查無資料(凃佑蓉,2021/05/04) 1478-2790 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/120707 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/bitstream/987654321/120707/3/index.html Journal Article 2021 fttamkanguniv 2022-11-04T01:28:26Z The megatrends of climate change, China's Belt and Road Initiative, and the Western sanctions against Russia have made the once calm Arctic an arena of geopolitical competition. Before the Crimea crisis of 2014, the Nordics were the primary advocates for a Chinese role in the Arctic when Russia was still hesitant. In 2017 Russia and China agreed to build a Polar Silk Road along the Northern Sea Route, which complements China's 21st Century Maritime Silk Road plans. Russia financially depends on China for its aspirational Arctic plans. Meanwhile, China increasingly perceives the five Nordic states as a unit to negotiate projects under the Belt and Road Initiative and suggested a 5+1 format. Thus, China's rising Arctic presence made the age-old Nordics-Russia relations triangular. What does the Sino-Russian strategic partnership mean for the Nordics' preference formation concerning the Polar Silk Road? This paper traces the triangular ties before and after the Crimea crisis and finds that the actors switched from liberal towards defensive neorealist perspectives. The Nordics have become worried about the Sino-Russian Arctic honeymoon, Russia's Arctic military assertiveness and China's intentions. As the triangular links are out-of-balance, the Nordics might apply complex balancing to achieve collective goods along the NSR. 補正完畢 Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Northern Sea Route Tamkang University Institutional Repository (TKUIR) / 淡江大學機構典藏 Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Tamkang University Institutional Repository (TKUIR) / 淡江大學機構典藏 |
op_collection_id |
fttamkanguniv |
language |
English |
description |
The megatrends of climate change, China's Belt and Road Initiative, and the Western sanctions against Russia have made the once calm Arctic an arena of geopolitical competition. Before the Crimea crisis of 2014, the Nordics were the primary advocates for a Chinese role in the Arctic when Russia was still hesitant. In 2017 Russia and China agreed to build a Polar Silk Road along the Northern Sea Route, which complements China's 21st Century Maritime Silk Road plans. Russia financially depends on China for its aspirational Arctic plans. Meanwhile, China increasingly perceives the five Nordic states as a unit to negotiate projects under the Belt and Road Initiative and suggested a 5+1 format. Thus, China's rising Arctic presence made the age-old Nordics-Russia relations triangular. What does the Sino-Russian strategic partnership mean for the Nordics' preference formation concerning the Polar Silk Road? This paper traces the triangular ties before and after the Crimea crisis and finds that the actors switched from liberal towards defensive neorealist perspectives. The Nordics have become worried about the Sino-Russian Arctic honeymoon, Russia's Arctic military assertiveness and China's intentions. As the triangular links are out-of-balance, the Nordics might apply complex balancing to achieve collective goods along the NSR. 補正完畢 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Biedermann, Reinhard |
spellingShingle |
Biedermann, Reinhard Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
author_facet |
Biedermann, Reinhard |
author_sort |
Biedermann, Reinhard |
title |
Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
title_short |
Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
title_full |
Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
title_fullStr |
Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring Sino-Russian-Nordics triangular relations: Complex balancing along the Polar Silk Road |
title_sort |
exploring sino-russian-nordics triangular relations: complex balancing along the polar silk road |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/120707 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/bitstream/987654321/120707/3/index.html |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Northern Sea Route |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Northern Sea Route |
op_relation |
Journal of Contemporary European Studies 查無資料(凃佑蓉,2021/05/04) 1478-2790 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/120707 https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/bitstream/987654321/120707/3/index.html |
_version_ |
1766309077821947904 |