加拿大Metis自治之研究

• Main Author: 紀舜傑
• Other Authors: 淡江大學未來學研究所
• Language: Chinese; English
• Published: 2012
• Subjects: Metis; 原住民族自治; 固有領土; MNC; 財政權; Canada; First Nations; inuit
• Online Access: http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/handle/987654321/103014

計畫編號：NSC101-2410-H032-047 研究期間：201208~201307 研究經費：194,000 本計畫在於探索加拿大 Metis 原住民族的自治歷程與重要議題，因為 Metis 的特殊性；舉凡身份、認同、地位等，讓其自治的問題也相對地 複雜。Metis 大多沒有固有領土，而且散居於都市中，只有雅伯達省有 類似民族政府的自治形式。MNC 是最重要的對外代表，但是在自治的問 題上似乎也力有未逮。本計畫希望透過對這個特殊原住民族的自治研 究，釐清土地權與原住民族自治的適當關係，沒有固有領土的原住民族 自治應該是何種面貌、形式、和實質？ Self-governance is one of inherent rights for indigenous peoples. Metis is a unique group of people with complicated origin and characteristics to be categorized. It, metis, originally stood for a person born of mixed blood or a hybrid. Then it became the title of a nation, which struggled to build its nationhood and nationalism. In the Constitutional Act of 1982, Metis was defined one of the three aboriginal peoples group in Canada, accompanying with the First Nations and Inuit. The purpose of this article is to review Metis self-governance process; including challenges, problems, and struggles Metis faced with Canadian and provincial governments. Major findings include the most of Metis are not land-based, therefore lack institutional status and arrangements for self-governane. Metis National Council, as the national highest body for Metis affairs, is not well equipped with sufficient power and resources to collabrate issues beyond provincial boundaries. Moreover, Metis also suffers from the inappropriate fiscal arrangements among fedearl, provincial, and Metis government as other aboriginal groups do. 行政院國家科學委員會