The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture
Ammonia emissions from the agricultural sector give rise to numerous environmental and societal concerns and represent an economic challenge in crop farming, causing a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Ammonia emissions from agriculture originate from manure slurry (livestock housing, storage, and fertil...
Published in: | Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology |
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Online Access: | https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/files/151871981/The_molecular_processes_of_urea_hydrolysis_in_relation_to_ammonia_emissions_from_agriculture.pdf |
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ftsydanskunivpub:oai:sdu.dk:publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b 2024-09-15T18:01:41+00:00 The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture Sigurdarson, Jens Jakob Svane, Simon Karring, Henrik 2018-06-01 application/pdf https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/files/151871981/The_molecular_processes_of_urea_hydrolysis_in_relation_to_ammonia_emissions_from_agriculture.pdf eng eng https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Sigurdarson , J J , Svane , S & Karring , H 2018 , ' The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture ' , Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology , vol. 17 , no. 2 , pp. 241-258 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 Environment Fertilizer Inhibition Livestock Manure slurry Urease article 2018 ftsydanskunivpub https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 2024-08-05T23:48:16Z Ammonia emissions from the agricultural sector give rise to numerous environmental and societal concerns and represent an economic challenge in crop farming, causing a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Ammonia emissions from agriculture originate from manure slurry (livestock housing, storage, and fertilization of fields) as well as urea-based mineral fertilizers. Consequently, political attention has been given to ammonia volatilization, and regulations of ammonia emissions have been implemented in several countries. The molecular cause of the emission is the enzyme urease, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease is present in many different organisms, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and plants. In agriculture, microorganisms found in animal fecal matter and soil are responsible for urea hydrolysis. One strategy to reduce ammonia emissions is the application of urease inhibitors as additives to urea-based synthetic fertilizers and manure slurry to block the formation of ammonia. However, treatment of the manure slurry with urease inhibitors is associated with increased livestock production costs and has not yet been commercialized. Thus, development of novel, environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies for ammonia emission mitigation is important. This mini-review describes the challenges associated with the volatilization of ammonia in agriculture and provides an overview of the molecular processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia emissions. Different technologies and strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are described with a special focus on the use of urease inhibitors. The mechanisms of action and efficiency of the most important urease inhibitors in relation to agriculture will be briefly discussed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Carbonic acid University of Southern Denmark Research Portal Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 17 2 241 258 |
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Open Polar |
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University of Southern Denmark Research Portal |
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ftsydanskunivpub |
language |
English |
topic |
Environment Fertilizer Inhibition Livestock Manure slurry Urease |
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Environment Fertilizer Inhibition Livestock Manure slurry Urease Sigurdarson, Jens Jakob Svane, Simon Karring, Henrik The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
topic_facet |
Environment Fertilizer Inhibition Livestock Manure slurry Urease |
description |
Ammonia emissions from the agricultural sector give rise to numerous environmental and societal concerns and represent an economic challenge in crop farming, causing a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Ammonia emissions from agriculture originate from manure slurry (livestock housing, storage, and fertilization of fields) as well as urea-based mineral fertilizers. Consequently, political attention has been given to ammonia volatilization, and regulations of ammonia emissions have been implemented in several countries. The molecular cause of the emission is the enzyme urease, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease is present in many different organisms, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and plants. In agriculture, microorganisms found in animal fecal matter and soil are responsible for urea hydrolysis. One strategy to reduce ammonia emissions is the application of urease inhibitors as additives to urea-based synthetic fertilizers and manure slurry to block the formation of ammonia. However, treatment of the manure slurry with urease inhibitors is associated with increased livestock production costs and has not yet been commercialized. Thus, development of novel, environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies for ammonia emission mitigation is important. This mini-review describes the challenges associated with the volatilization of ammonia in agriculture and provides an overview of the molecular processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia emissions. Different technologies and strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are described with a special focus on the use of urease inhibitors. The mechanisms of action and efficiency of the most important urease inhibitors in relation to agriculture will be briefly discussed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sigurdarson, Jens Jakob Svane, Simon Karring, Henrik |
author_facet |
Sigurdarson, Jens Jakob Svane, Simon Karring, Henrik |
author_sort |
Sigurdarson, Jens Jakob |
title |
The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
title_short |
The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
title_full |
The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
title_fullStr |
The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
title_full_unstemmed |
The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
title_sort |
molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/files/151871981/The_molecular_processes_of_urea_hydrolysis_in_relation_to_ammonia_emissions_from_agriculture.pdf |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_source |
Sigurdarson , J J , Svane , S & Karring , H 2018 , ' The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture ' , Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology , vol. 17 , no. 2 , pp. 241-258 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 |
op_relation |
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/8faae64a-d230-4585-b4c2-a36076c3b03b |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9466-1 |
container_title |
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
241 |
op_container_end_page |
258 |
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1810438771921911808 |