The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics
Submarine calderas are a unique form of hydrothermal systems, which are not yet well understood in terms of how they form or how they develop over time. One of the least explored submarine calderas is the Kemp Caldera, which is located in the Scotia Sea in the rear-arc region of the southernmost par...
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Universität Bremen
2022
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ftsubbremen:oai:media.suub.uni-bremen.de:Publications/elib/6367 2023-05-15T18:16:00+02:00 The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics Kürzinger, Victoria Bach, Wolfgang Bohrmann, Gerhard Devey, Colin W. 2022-11-25 application/pdf https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/6367 https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-elib63670 eng eng Universität Bremen Fachbereich 05: Geowissenschaften (FB 05) https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/6367 https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 doi:10.26092/elib/1929 urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-elib63670 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Alle Rechte vorbehalten arc/back-arc hydrothermal system Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system elemental sulfur 550 550 Earth sciences and geology ddc:550 Dissertation doctoralThesis 2022 ftsubbremen https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 2022-12-11T23:09:14Z Submarine calderas are a unique form of hydrothermal systems, which are not yet well understood in terms of how they form or how they develop over time. One of the least explored submarine calderas is the Kemp Caldera, which is located in the Scotia Sea in the rear-arc region of the southernmost part of the South Sandwich island arc. Since its discovery in 2009, the caldera has been of great interest primarily to bioscience researchers, but within the last few years, the Kemp Caldera has also been increasingly studied from a geoscientific perspective. One of the objectives of the R/V Polarstern PS119 expedition in 2019 was the investigation of the Kemp Caldera and its hydrothermal system in more detail. New bathymetric data together with visual seafloor observations and rock samples now show that the caldera was formed by two collapse events, resulting in a prominent morphology. The shape of the resurgent cone, which occurs in the central part of the caldera, and the results of rock analyses indicate a dacitic post-caldera eruption that was responsible for the formation and development of several vent fields. Two of these hydrothermal fields, Great Wall and Toxic Castle, located on the eastern slope of the central resurgent cone, are of particular interest. Here, contrary to other hydrothermal systems in this area, elemental sulfur occurs not only in fine-crystalline, but also in liquid form. Sampling and later investigation of the sulfur and other hydrothermal precipitates showed that the elemental sulfur is isotopically heavy and thus cannot be attributed to the generally accepted formation by SO2 disproportionation. Instead, the observed isotopic composition of sulfur must be the result from synproportionation of SO2 and H2S. Although this reaction has not been documented from other hydrothermal systems, the use of a thermodynamic computation software and a Rayleigh fractionation model demonstrated that synproportionation is thermodynamically possible both at Great Wall and Toxic Castle, and capable of ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Scotia Sea Media SuUB Bremen (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen) Scotia Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Media SuUB Bremen (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen) |
op_collection_id |
ftsubbremen |
language |
English |
topic |
arc/back-arc hydrothermal system Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system elemental sulfur 550 550 Earth sciences and geology ddc:550 |
spellingShingle |
arc/back-arc hydrothermal system Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system elemental sulfur 550 550 Earth sciences and geology ddc:550 Kürzinger, Victoria The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
topic_facet |
arc/back-arc hydrothermal system Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system elemental sulfur 550 550 Earth sciences and geology ddc:550 |
description |
Submarine calderas are a unique form of hydrothermal systems, which are not yet well understood in terms of how they form or how they develop over time. One of the least explored submarine calderas is the Kemp Caldera, which is located in the Scotia Sea in the rear-arc region of the southernmost part of the South Sandwich island arc. Since its discovery in 2009, the caldera has been of great interest primarily to bioscience researchers, but within the last few years, the Kemp Caldera has also been increasingly studied from a geoscientific perspective. One of the objectives of the R/V Polarstern PS119 expedition in 2019 was the investigation of the Kemp Caldera and its hydrothermal system in more detail. New bathymetric data together with visual seafloor observations and rock samples now show that the caldera was formed by two collapse events, resulting in a prominent morphology. The shape of the resurgent cone, which occurs in the central part of the caldera, and the results of rock analyses indicate a dacitic post-caldera eruption that was responsible for the formation and development of several vent fields. Two of these hydrothermal fields, Great Wall and Toxic Castle, located on the eastern slope of the central resurgent cone, are of particular interest. Here, contrary to other hydrothermal systems in this area, elemental sulfur occurs not only in fine-crystalline, but also in liquid form. Sampling and later investigation of the sulfur and other hydrothermal precipitates showed that the elemental sulfur is isotopically heavy and thus cannot be attributed to the generally accepted formation by SO2 disproportionation. Instead, the observed isotopic composition of sulfur must be the result from synproportionation of SO2 and H2S. Although this reaction has not been documented from other hydrothermal systems, the use of a thermodynamic computation software and a Rayleigh fractionation model demonstrated that synproportionation is thermodynamically possible both at Great Wall and Toxic Castle, and capable of ... |
author2 |
Bach, Wolfgang Bohrmann, Gerhard Devey, Colin W. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Kürzinger, Victoria |
author_facet |
Kürzinger, Victoria |
author_sort |
Kürzinger, Victoria |
title |
The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
title_short |
The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
title_full |
The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
title_fullStr |
The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Kemp Caldera hydrothermal system, Scotia Sea – Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
title_sort |
kemp caldera hydrothermal system, scotia sea – morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics |
publisher |
Universität Bremen |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/6367 https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-elib63670 |
geographic |
Scotia Sea |
geographic_facet |
Scotia Sea |
genre |
Scotia Sea |
genre_facet |
Scotia Sea |
op_relation |
https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/6367 https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 doi:10.26092/elib/1929 urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-elib63670 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Alle Rechte vorbehalten |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1929 |
_version_ |
1766189408358236160 |