Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer
A comprehensive measurement program was conducted during 16 days of a 3 week long ice pack drift, from 15 August to 1 September 2008 in the central Amundsen Basin, Arctic Ocean. The data, sampled as part of the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study (ASCOS), included upper ocean stratification, mixing and...
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ftstockholmuniv:oai:DiVA.org:su-68400 2023-05-15T13:22:45+02:00 Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer Sirevaag, A. de la Rosa, S. Fer, I. Nicolaus, M. Tjernström, Michael McPhee, M. G. 2011 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-68400 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-7-335-2011 eng eng Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU) Ocean Science, 1812-0784, 2011, 7:3, s. 335-349 orcid:0000-0002-6908-7410 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-68400 doi:10.5194/os-7-335-2011 ISI:000291928000005 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2011 ftstockholmuniv https://doi.org/10.5194/os-7-335-2011 2023-02-23T21:41:55Z A comprehensive measurement program was conducted during 16 days of a 3 week long ice pack drift, from 15 August to 1 September 2008 in the central Amundsen Basin, Arctic Ocean. The data, sampled as part of the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study (ASCOS), included upper ocean stratification, mixing and heat transfer as well as transmittance solar radiation through the ice. The observations give insight into the evolution of the upper layers of the Arctic Ocean in the transition period from melting to freezing. The ocean mixed layer was found to be heated from above and, for summer conditions, the net heat flux through the ice accounted for 22% of the observed change in mixed layer heat content. Heat was mixed downward within the mixed layer and a small, downward heat flux across the base of the mixed layer accounted for the accumulated heat in the upper cold halocline during the melting season. On average, the ocean mixed layer was cooled by an ocean heat flux at the ice/ocean interface (1.2 W m(-2)) and heated by solar radiation through the ice (-2.6 W m(-2)). An abrupt change in surface conditions halfway into the drift due to freezing and snowfall showed distinct signatures in the data set and allowed for inferences and comparisons to be made for cases of contrasting forcing conditions. Transmittance of solar radiation was reduced by 59% in the latter period. From hydro-graphic observations obtained earlier in the melting season, in the same region, we infer a total fresh water equivalent of 3.3 m accumulated in the upper ocean, which together with the observed saltier winter mixed layer indicates a transition towards a more seasonal ice cover in the Arctic. authorCount :6 Article in Journal/Newspaper amundsen basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) Arctic Arctic Ocean Amundsen Basin ENVELOPE(74.000,74.000,87.000,87.000) Ocean Science 7 3 335 349 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftstockholmuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
spellingShingle |
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Sirevaag, A. de la Rosa, S. Fer, I. Nicolaus, M. Tjernström, Michael McPhee, M. G. Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
topic_facet |
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
description |
A comprehensive measurement program was conducted during 16 days of a 3 week long ice pack drift, from 15 August to 1 September 2008 in the central Amundsen Basin, Arctic Ocean. The data, sampled as part of the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study (ASCOS), included upper ocean stratification, mixing and heat transfer as well as transmittance solar radiation through the ice. The observations give insight into the evolution of the upper layers of the Arctic Ocean in the transition period from melting to freezing. The ocean mixed layer was found to be heated from above and, for summer conditions, the net heat flux through the ice accounted for 22% of the observed change in mixed layer heat content. Heat was mixed downward within the mixed layer and a small, downward heat flux across the base of the mixed layer accounted for the accumulated heat in the upper cold halocline during the melting season. On average, the ocean mixed layer was cooled by an ocean heat flux at the ice/ocean interface (1.2 W m(-2)) and heated by solar radiation through the ice (-2.6 W m(-2)). An abrupt change in surface conditions halfway into the drift due to freezing and snowfall showed distinct signatures in the data set and allowed for inferences and comparisons to be made for cases of contrasting forcing conditions. Transmittance of solar radiation was reduced by 59% in the latter period. From hydro-graphic observations obtained earlier in the melting season, in the same region, we infer a total fresh water equivalent of 3.3 m accumulated in the upper ocean, which together with the observed saltier winter mixed layer indicates a transition towards a more seasonal ice cover in the Arctic. authorCount :6 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sirevaag, A. de la Rosa, S. Fer, I. Nicolaus, M. Tjernström, Michael McPhee, M. G. |
author_facet |
Sirevaag, A. de la Rosa, S. Fer, I. Nicolaus, M. Tjernström, Michael McPhee, M. G. |
author_sort |
Sirevaag, A. |
title |
Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
title_short |
Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
title_full |
Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
title_fullStr |
Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the Arctic Ocean mixed layer |
title_sort |
mixing, heat fluxes and heat content evolution of the arctic ocean mixed layer |
publisher |
Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU) |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-68400 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-7-335-2011 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(74.000,74.000,87.000,87.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Amundsen Basin |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Amundsen Basin |
genre |
amundsen basin Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
amundsen basin Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_relation |
Ocean Science, 1812-0784, 2011, 7:3, s. 335-349 orcid:0000-0002-6908-7410 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-68400 doi:10.5194/os-7-335-2011 ISI:000291928000005 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-7-335-2011 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
335 |
op_container_end_page |
349 |
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1766366729614655488 |