An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years
Several tephra layers from the last millennium have been identified in distal peat and lake sediment sequences in northern Europe, forming a framework of volcanic events of great value for palaeoenvironmental investigations. Most of the tephras within this framework have an origin in Iceland, but di...
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Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK)
2009
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31240 https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1269 |
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ftstockholmuniv:oai:DiVA.org:su-31240 2023-05-15T16:34:03+02:00 An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years Wastegård, Stefan Davies, Siwan M. 2009 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31240 https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1269 eng eng Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK) Journal of Quaternary Science, 0267-8179, 2009, 24:5, s. 500-512 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31240 doi:10.1002/jqs.1269 ISI:000268001000009 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess tephra last millennium tephrochronology Europe Grímsvötn Geology Geologi Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2009 ftstockholmuniv https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1269 2023-02-23T21:39:08Z Several tephra layers from the last millennium have been identified in distal peat and lake sediment sequences in northern Europe, forming a framework of volcanic events of great value for palaeoenvironmental investigations. Most of the tephras within this framework have an origin in Iceland, but distal layers from Jan Mayen have also been identified. The predominant transport pathway, in an easterly-southeasterly direction, has led to the deposition of these tephras in a number of terrestrial deposits in northern Europe. Ash from silicic eruptions (>63% SiO2) dominate at these sites, even though many of the documentary records in distal areas report tephra fall from several basaltic eruptions. Here we provide an overview of the distribution, shard concentration and geochemistry of these tephras to highlight the most important isochrones for addressing key dating issues. In particular, three horizons - Hekla-1 (AD 1104), Öræfajökull (AD 1362) and Askja (AD 1875) - are found at a number of different locations in northern Europe and as such are valuable tie-points for improving and validating chronological models and for synchronisation of records spanning the last 1000 years. In addition, we present new data identifying tephra from the Grímsvötn volcanic system within the Lomonosovfonna ice cap on Svalbard, demonstrating that some tephras have been transported 2000 km to as far north as 79° N along a northeasterly trajectory. This discovery highlights the potential for utilising tephrochronology as a correlation tool for palaeoarchives located in more northerly areas and the complex nature of fall-out from different eruptions. MILLENNIUM, EU 6th framework Article in Journal/Newspaper Hekla Ice cap Iceland Jan Mayen Svalbard Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) Askja ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) Jan Mayen Lomonosovfonna ENVELOPE(17.663,17.663,78.774,78.774) Svalbard Svalbard ENVELOPE(20.000,20.000,78.000,78.000) Journal of Quaternary Science 24 5 500 512 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftstockholmuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
tephra last millennium tephrochronology Europe Grímsvötn Geology Geologi |
spellingShingle |
tephra last millennium tephrochronology Europe Grímsvötn Geology Geologi Wastegård, Stefan Davies, Siwan M. An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
topic_facet |
tephra last millennium tephrochronology Europe Grímsvötn Geology Geologi |
description |
Several tephra layers from the last millennium have been identified in distal peat and lake sediment sequences in northern Europe, forming a framework of volcanic events of great value for palaeoenvironmental investigations. Most of the tephras within this framework have an origin in Iceland, but distal layers from Jan Mayen have also been identified. The predominant transport pathway, in an easterly-southeasterly direction, has led to the deposition of these tephras in a number of terrestrial deposits in northern Europe. Ash from silicic eruptions (>63% SiO2) dominate at these sites, even though many of the documentary records in distal areas report tephra fall from several basaltic eruptions. Here we provide an overview of the distribution, shard concentration and geochemistry of these tephras to highlight the most important isochrones for addressing key dating issues. In particular, three horizons - Hekla-1 (AD 1104), Öræfajökull (AD 1362) and Askja (AD 1875) - are found at a number of different locations in northern Europe and as such are valuable tie-points for improving and validating chronological models and for synchronisation of records spanning the last 1000 years. In addition, we present new data identifying tephra from the Grímsvötn volcanic system within the Lomonosovfonna ice cap on Svalbard, demonstrating that some tephras have been transported 2000 km to as far north as 79° N along a northeasterly trajectory. This discovery highlights the potential for utilising tephrochronology as a correlation tool for palaeoarchives located in more northerly areas and the complex nature of fall-out from different eruptions. MILLENNIUM, EU 6th framework |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wastegård, Stefan Davies, Siwan M. |
author_facet |
Wastegård, Stefan Davies, Siwan M. |
author_sort |
Wastegård, Stefan |
title |
An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
title_short |
An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
title_full |
An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
title_fullStr |
An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
An overview of distal tephrochronology in northern Europe during the last 1000 years |
title_sort |
overview of distal tephrochronology in northern europe during the last 1000 years |
publisher |
Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK) |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31240 https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1269 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) ENVELOPE(17.663,17.663,78.774,78.774) ENVELOPE(20.000,20.000,78.000,78.000) |
geographic |
Askja Jan Mayen Lomonosovfonna Svalbard Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Askja Jan Mayen Lomonosovfonna Svalbard Svalbard |
genre |
Hekla Ice cap Iceland Jan Mayen Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Hekla Ice cap Iceland Jan Mayen Svalbard |
op_relation |
Journal of Quaternary Science, 0267-8179, 2009, 24:5, s. 500-512 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31240 doi:10.1002/jqs.1269 ISI:000268001000009 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1269 |
container_title |
Journal of Quaternary Science |
container_volume |
24 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
500 |
op_container_end_page |
512 |
_version_ |
1766023803637334016 |