Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective
The ocean circulation plays an essential role in our climate system. It redistributes heat, salt, carbon and other tracers across the globe, making the climate of Earth more moderate. This thesis targets density differences that are driving the ocean circulation. These differences are caused by chan...
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Stockholms universitet, Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU)
2021
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ftstockholmuniv:oai:DiVA.org:su-198210 2023-05-15T13:56:08+02:00 Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective Berglund, Sara 2021 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-198210 eng eng Stockholms universitet, Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU) Stockholm : Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University orcid:0000-0001-8379-6566 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-198210 urn:isbn:978-91-7911-684-2 urn:isbn:978-91-7911-685-9 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Lagrangian trajectories Climate modelling Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Ocean circulation heat Climate Research Klimatforskning Oceanography Hydrology and Water Resources Oceanografi hydrologi och vattenresurser Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text 2021 ftstockholmuniv 2023-02-23T21:42:34Z The ocean circulation plays an essential role in our climate system. It redistributes heat, salt, carbon and other tracers across the globe, making the climate of Earth more moderate. This thesis targets density differences that are driving the ocean circulation. These differences are caused by changes in temperature and salinity. The analysis is based on the usage of Lagrangian trajectories simulated with velocity fields from an Earth System Model. The Lagrangian approach opens up for the possibility to follow specific water paths and water masses. The results herein provide a new insight to specific circulation patterns in the ocean, and which regions that play an important role in controlling temperature and salinity changes. In the first two articles, the Lagrangian divergence is introduced. It shows the geographical distribution of heat and salt changes of a simulated water mass. Using this, we are able to show that the northward flowing water in the Atlantic Ocean cools and freshens in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current. Similarly, we show that the water flowing from the Drake Passage, following the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and moving northwards into the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, transforms from cold and fresh to warm and saline. This warming and salinification are a result of, not only air-sea fluxes, but also interior mixing. In the third study, we show that 70% of the water flowing northwards as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation circuits the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre at least once before it continues northwards. In the gyre, the water spirals downwards as it gets denser, due to a combination of air-sea fluxes and interior mixing. These results bring a new perspective on the Subtropical Gyre's role to the circulation patterns of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. In the last part of this thesis, the circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean is traced into four different pathways. The pathways ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage north atlantic current North Atlantic Southern Ocean Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage Pacific Indian |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Stockholm University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftstockholmuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Lagrangian trajectories Climate modelling Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Ocean circulation heat Climate Research Klimatforskning Oceanography Hydrology and Water Resources Oceanografi hydrologi och vattenresurser Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
spellingShingle |
Lagrangian trajectories Climate modelling Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Ocean circulation heat Climate Research Klimatforskning Oceanography Hydrology and Water Resources Oceanografi hydrologi och vattenresurser Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Berglund, Sara Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
topic_facet |
Lagrangian trajectories Climate modelling Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Ocean circulation heat Climate Research Klimatforskning Oceanography Hydrology and Water Resources Oceanografi hydrologi och vattenresurser Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
description |
The ocean circulation plays an essential role in our climate system. It redistributes heat, salt, carbon and other tracers across the globe, making the climate of Earth more moderate. This thesis targets density differences that are driving the ocean circulation. These differences are caused by changes in temperature and salinity. The analysis is based on the usage of Lagrangian trajectories simulated with velocity fields from an Earth System Model. The Lagrangian approach opens up for the possibility to follow specific water paths and water masses. The results herein provide a new insight to specific circulation patterns in the ocean, and which regions that play an important role in controlling temperature and salinity changes. In the first two articles, the Lagrangian divergence is introduced. It shows the geographical distribution of heat and salt changes of a simulated water mass. Using this, we are able to show that the northward flowing water in the Atlantic Ocean cools and freshens in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current. Similarly, we show that the water flowing from the Drake Passage, following the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and moving northwards into the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, transforms from cold and fresh to warm and saline. This warming and salinification are a result of, not only air-sea fluxes, but also interior mixing. In the third study, we show that 70% of the water flowing northwards as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation circuits the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre at least once before it continues northwards. In the gyre, the water spirals downwards as it gets denser, due to a combination of air-sea fluxes and interior mixing. These results bring a new perspective on the Subtropical Gyre's role to the circulation patterns of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. In the last part of this thesis, the circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean is traced into four different pathways. The pathways ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Berglund, Sara |
author_facet |
Berglund, Sara |
author_sort |
Berglund, Sara |
title |
Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
title_short |
Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
title_full |
Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
title_fullStr |
Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : A temperature and salinity perspective |
title_sort |
tracing pathways in the ocean circulation : a temperature and salinity perspective |
publisher |
Stockholms universitet, Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-198210 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage Pacific Indian |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage Pacific Indian |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage north atlantic current North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage north atlantic current North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
orcid:0000-0001-8379-6566 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-198210 urn:isbn:978-91-7911-684-2 urn:isbn:978-91-7911-685-9 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1766263415903354880 |