Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds
We would like to thank 3S partners and funders especially for enabling this research (NL Ministry of Defence, NOR Ministry of Defence, US Office of Naval Research, and World Wildlife Fund, Norway). PLT was supported by the Scottish Funding Council (grant HR09011) through the Marine Alliance for Scie...
Published in: | Ecological Applications |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2016
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8462 https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full |
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ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/8462 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftstandrewserep |
language |
English |
topic |
Anthropogenic noise Behavioral budget DTAG Functional state Naval sonar Northern Norway Physeter macrocephalus Risk-disturbance hypothesis Sperm whale State-switching model Time series model QH301 Biology Ecology BDC R2C QH301 |
spellingShingle |
Anthropogenic noise Behavioral budget DTAG Functional state Naval sonar Northern Norway Physeter macrocephalus Risk-disturbance hypothesis Sperm whale State-switching model Time series model QH301 Biology Ecology BDC R2C QH301 Isojunno, Saana Curé, Charlotte Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander Tyack, Peter Lloyd Wensveen, Paul Jacobus Miller, Patrick James O'Malley Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
topic_facet |
Anthropogenic noise Behavioral budget DTAG Functional state Naval sonar Northern Norway Physeter macrocephalus Risk-disturbance hypothesis Sperm whale State-switching model Time series model QH301 Biology Ecology BDC R2C QH301 |
description |
We would like to thank 3S partners and funders especially for enabling this research (NL Ministry of Defence, NOR Ministry of Defence, US Office of Naval Research, and World Wildlife Fund, Norway). PLT was supported by the Scottish Funding Council (grant HR09011) through the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland. The time and energetic costs of behavioral responses to incidental and experimental sonar exposures, as well as control stimuli, were quantified using hidden state analysis of time series of acoustic and movement data recorded by tags (DTAG) attached to 12 sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) using suction cups. Behavioral state transition modeling showed that tagged whales switched to a non-foraging, non-resting state during both experimental transmissions of low-frequency active sonar from an approaching vessel (LFAS; 1-2 kH z, source level 214 dB re 1 μPa m, four tag records) and playbacks of potential predator (killer whale, Orcinus orca) sounds broadcast at naturally occurring sound levels as a positive control from a drifting boat (five tag records). Time spent in foraging states and the probability of prey capture attempts were reduced during these two types of exposures with little change in overall locomotion activity, suggesting an effect on energy intake with no immediate compensation. Whales switched to the active non-foraging state over received sound pressure levels of 131-165 dB re 1 μPa during LFAS exposure. In contrast, no changes in foraging behavior were detected in response to experimental negative controls (no-sonar ship approach or noise control playback) or to experimental medium-frequency active sonar exposures (MFAS; 6-7 kH z, source level 199 re 1 μPa m, received sound pressure level [SPL] = 73-158 dB re 1 μPa). Similarly, there was no reduction in foraging effort for three whales exposed to incidental, unidentified 4.7-5.1 kH z sonar signals received at lower levels (SPL = 89-133 dB re 1 μPa). These results demonstrate that similar to predation risk, ... |
author2 |
University of St Andrews. School of Biology University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland University of St Andrews. Sound Tags Group University of St Andrews. Bioacoustics group University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Isojunno, Saana Curé, Charlotte Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander Tyack, Peter Lloyd Wensveen, Paul Jacobus Miller, Patrick James O'Malley |
author_facet |
Isojunno, Saana Curé, Charlotte Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander Tyack, Peter Lloyd Wensveen, Paul Jacobus Miller, Patrick James O'Malley |
author_sort |
Isojunno, Saana |
title |
Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
title_short |
Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
title_full |
Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
title_fullStr |
Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds |
title_sort |
sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kh z sonar and killer whale sounds |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8462 https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Killer Whale Northern Norway Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Killer Whale Northern Norway Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Killer whale |
op_relation |
Ecological Applications Isojunno , S , Curé , C , Kvadsheim , P H , Lam , F-P A , Tyack , P L , Wensveen , P J & Miller , P J OM 2016 , ' Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds ' , Ecological Applications , vol. 26 , no. 1 , pp. 77-93 . https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 1051-0761 PURE: 241576605 PURE UUID: cfedeefb-45a0-476a-8fbc-47d037e39720 Scopus: 84959470327 PubMed: 27039511 ORCID: /0000-0002-2212-2135/work/37031849 WOS: 000369511000008 ORCID: /0000-0002-8409-4790/work/60887908 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8462 https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full |
op_rights |
© 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 |
container_title |
Ecological Applications |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
77 |
op_container_end_page |
93 |
_version_ |
1770272524254314496 |
spelling |
ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/8462 2023-07-02T03:32:50+02:00 Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds Isojunno, Saana Curé, Charlotte Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander Tyack, Peter Lloyd Wensveen, Paul Jacobus Miller, Patrick James O'Malley University of St Andrews. School of Biology University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland University of St Andrews. Sound Tags Group University of St Andrews. Bioacoustics group University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences 2016-03-22T16:30:03Z 17 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8462 https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full eng eng Ecological Applications Isojunno , S , Curé , C , Kvadsheim , P H , Lam , F-P A , Tyack , P L , Wensveen , P J & Miller , P J OM 2016 , ' Sperm whales reduce foraging effort during exposure to 1-2 kH z sonar and killer whale sounds ' , Ecological Applications , vol. 26 , no. 1 , pp. 77-93 . https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 1051-0761 PURE: 241576605 PURE UUID: cfedeefb-45a0-476a-8fbc-47d037e39720 Scopus: 84959470327 PubMed: 27039511 ORCID: /0000-0002-2212-2135/work/37031849 WOS: 000369511000008 ORCID: /0000-0002-8409-4790/work/60887908 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8462 https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/15-0040/full Anthropogenic noise Behavioral budget DTAG Functional state Naval sonar Northern Norway Physeter macrocephalus Risk-disturbance hypothesis Sperm whale State-switching model Time series model QH301 Biology Ecology BDC R2C QH301 Journal article 2016 ftstandrewserep https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0040 2023-06-13T18:27:45Z We would like to thank 3S partners and funders especially for enabling this research (NL Ministry of Defence, NOR Ministry of Defence, US Office of Naval Research, and World Wildlife Fund, Norway). PLT was supported by the Scottish Funding Council (grant HR09011) through the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland. The time and energetic costs of behavioral responses to incidental and experimental sonar exposures, as well as control stimuli, were quantified using hidden state analysis of time series of acoustic and movement data recorded by tags (DTAG) attached to 12 sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) using suction cups. Behavioral state transition modeling showed that tagged whales switched to a non-foraging, non-resting state during both experimental transmissions of low-frequency active sonar from an approaching vessel (LFAS; 1-2 kH z, source level 214 dB re 1 μPa m, four tag records) and playbacks of potential predator (killer whale, Orcinus orca) sounds broadcast at naturally occurring sound levels as a positive control from a drifting boat (five tag records). Time spent in foraging states and the probability of prey capture attempts were reduced during these two types of exposures with little change in overall locomotion activity, suggesting an effect on energy intake with no immediate compensation. Whales switched to the active non-foraging state over received sound pressure levels of 131-165 dB re 1 μPa during LFAS exposure. In contrast, no changes in foraging behavior were detected in response to experimental negative controls (no-sonar ship approach or noise control playback) or to experimental medium-frequency active sonar exposures (MFAS; 6-7 kH z, source level 199 re 1 μPa m, received sound pressure level [SPL] = 73-158 dB re 1 μPa). Similarly, there was no reduction in foraging effort for three whales exposed to incidental, unidentified 4.7-5.1 kH z sonar signals received at lower levels (SPL = 89-133 dB re 1 μPa). These results demonstrate that similar to predation risk, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Killer Whale Northern Norway Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Killer whale University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository Norway Ecological Applications 26 1 77 93 |