Using accelerometers to determine the calling behavior of tagged baleen whales

• Published in: Journal of Experimental Biology
• Main Authors: Goldbogen, Jeremy, De Ruiter, Stacy Lynn, Stimpert, Alison, Calambokidis, John, Friedlaender, Ari, Schorr, Greg, Moretti, David, Tyack, Peter Lloyd, Southall, Brandon
• Other Authors: Office of Naval Research, Naval Facilities Engineeering, University of St Andrews. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews. Statistics, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St Andrews. Sound Tags Group, University of St Andrews. Bioacoustics group, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: Acceleration; Acoustics; Whale; QA Mathematics; QH301 Biology; QA; QH301; baleen whale; baleen whales
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6623; https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.103259

Low-frequency acoustic signals generated by baleen whales can propagate over vast distances, making the assignment of calls to specific individuals problematic. Here, we report the novel use of acoustic recording tags equipped with high-resolution accelerometers to detect vibrations from the surface of two tagged fin whales that directly match the timing of recorded acoustic signals. A tag deployed on a buoy in the vicinity of calling fin whales and a recording from a tag that had just fallen off a whale were able to detect calls acoustically but did not record corresponding accelerometer signals that were measured on calling individuals. Across the hundreds of calls measured on two tagged fin whales, the accelerometer response was generally anisotropic across all three axes, appeared to depend on tag placement and increased with the level of received sound. These data demonstrate that high-sample rate accelerometry can provide important insights into the acoustic behavior of baleen whales that communicate at low frequencies. This method helps identify vocalizing whales, which in turn enables the quantification of call rates, a fundamental component of models used to estimate baleen whale abundance and distribution from passive acoustic monitoring. Postprint Peer reviewed