Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya)
This research has been supported by the Dragon 4 program funded by ESA (4000121469/17/I-NB), the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant nos. IZLCZ2_169979/1 and 200021E_177652/1) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDA20100300). Meltwater from the...
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ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/25194 2023-07-02T03:33:27+02:00 Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) Bolch, Tobias Tandong, Yao Bhattacharya, Atanu Yan, Hu King, Owen Lin, Liu Pronk, Jan B. Rastner, Philipp Guoqing, Zhang University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group University of St Andrews. Bell-Edwards Geographic Data Institute University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development 2022-04-15T16:30:03Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25194 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1927 eng eng Remote Sensing Bolch , T , Tandong , Y , Bhattacharya , A , Yan , H , King , O , Lin , L , Pronk , J B , Rastner , P & Guoqing , Z 2022 , ' Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) ' , Remote Sensing , vol. 14 , no. 8 , 1927 . https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 2072-4292 PURE: 278935419 PURE UUID: 0774fb6d-7b95-4db1-933b-8435266f61fc ORCID: /0000-0002-8201-5059/work/111547634 WOS: 000787406100001 Scopus: 85129101049 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25194 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1927 Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Himalaya Glacier changes Glacier velocity Geodetic method Glacial lakes Rock glacier GB Physical geography DAS GB Journal article 2022 ftstandrewserep https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 2023-06-13T18:31:02Z This research has been supported by the Dragon 4 program funded by ESA (4000121469/17/I-NB), the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant nos. IZLCZ2_169979/1 and 200021E_177652/1) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDA20100300). Meltwater from the cryosphere contributes a significant fraction of the freshwater resources in the countries receiving water from the Third Pole. Within the ESA-MOST Dragon 4 project, we addressed in particular changes of glaciers and proglacial lakes and their interaction. In addition, we investigated rock glaciers in permafrost environments. Here, we focus on the detailed investigations which have been performed in the Poiqu River Basin, central Himalaya. We used in particular multi-temporal stereo satellite imagery, including high-resolution 1960/70s Corona and Hexagon spy images and contemporary Pleiades data. Sentinel-2 data was applied to assess the glacier flow. The results reveal that glacier mass loss continuously increased with a mass budget of −0.42 ± 0.11 m w.e.a−1 for the period 2004–2018. The mass loss has been primarily driven by an increase in summer temperature and is further accelerated by proglacial lakes, which have become abundant. The glacial lake area more than doubled between 1964 and 2017. The termini of glaciers that flow into lakes moved on average twice as fast as glaciers terminating on land, indicating that dynamical thinning plays an important role. Rock glaciers are abundant, covering approximately 21 km2, which was more than 10% of the glacier area (approximately 190 km2) in 2015. With ongoing glacier wastage, rock glaciers can become an increasingly important water resource. Publisher PDF Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository Glacial Lake ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) Pleiades ENVELOPE(165.533,165.533,-72.700,-72.700) Remote Sensing 14 8 1927 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftstandrewserep |
language |
English |
topic |
Himalaya Glacier changes Glacier velocity Geodetic method Glacial lakes Rock glacier GB Physical geography DAS GB |
spellingShingle |
Himalaya Glacier changes Glacier velocity Geodetic method Glacial lakes Rock glacier GB Physical geography DAS GB Bolch, Tobias Tandong, Yao Bhattacharya, Atanu Yan, Hu King, Owen Lin, Liu Pronk, Jan B. Rastner, Philipp Guoqing, Zhang Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
topic_facet |
Himalaya Glacier changes Glacier velocity Geodetic method Glacial lakes Rock glacier GB Physical geography DAS GB |
description |
This research has been supported by the Dragon 4 program funded by ESA (4000121469/17/I-NB), the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant nos. IZLCZ2_169979/1 and 200021E_177652/1) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDA20100300). Meltwater from the cryosphere contributes a significant fraction of the freshwater resources in the countries receiving water from the Third Pole. Within the ESA-MOST Dragon 4 project, we addressed in particular changes of glaciers and proglacial lakes and their interaction. In addition, we investigated rock glaciers in permafrost environments. Here, we focus on the detailed investigations which have been performed in the Poiqu River Basin, central Himalaya. We used in particular multi-temporal stereo satellite imagery, including high-resolution 1960/70s Corona and Hexagon spy images and contemporary Pleiades data. Sentinel-2 data was applied to assess the glacier flow. The results reveal that glacier mass loss continuously increased with a mass budget of −0.42 ± 0.11 m w.e.a−1 for the period 2004–2018. The mass loss has been primarily driven by an increase in summer temperature and is further accelerated by proglacial lakes, which have become abundant. The glacial lake area more than doubled between 1964 and 2017. The termini of glaciers that flow into lakes moved on average twice as fast as glaciers terminating on land, indicating that dynamical thinning plays an important role. Rock glaciers are abundant, covering approximately 21 km2, which was more than 10% of the glacier area (approximately 190 km2) in 2015. With ongoing glacier wastage, rock glaciers can become an increasingly important water resource. Publisher PDF Peer reviewed |
author2 |
University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group University of St Andrews. Bell-Edwards Geographic Data Institute University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bolch, Tobias Tandong, Yao Bhattacharya, Atanu Yan, Hu King, Owen Lin, Liu Pronk, Jan B. Rastner, Philipp Guoqing, Zhang |
author_facet |
Bolch, Tobias Tandong, Yao Bhattacharya, Atanu Yan, Hu King, Owen Lin, Liu Pronk, Jan B. Rastner, Philipp Guoqing, Zhang |
author_sort |
Bolch, Tobias |
title |
Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
title_short |
Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
title_full |
Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
title_fullStr |
Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) |
title_sort |
earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in poiqu river basin (central himalaya) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25194 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1927 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) ENVELOPE(165.533,165.533,-72.700,-72.700) |
geographic |
Glacial Lake Pleiades |
geographic_facet |
Glacial Lake Pleiades |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_relation |
Remote Sensing Bolch , T , Tandong , Y , Bhattacharya , A , Yan , H , King , O , Lin , L , Pronk , J B , Rastner , P & Guoqing , Z 2022 , ' Earth observation to investigate occurrence, characteristics and changes of glaciers, glacial lakes and rock glaciers in Poiqu River Basin (Central Himalaya) ' , Remote Sensing , vol. 14 , no. 8 , 1927 . https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 2072-4292 PURE: 278935419 PURE UUID: 0774fb6d-7b95-4db1-933b-8435266f61fc ORCID: /0000-0002-8201-5059/work/111547634 WOS: 000787406100001 Scopus: 85129101049 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25194 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1927 |
op_rights |
Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081927 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1927 |
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1770273412052156416 |