Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima)
PhD and fieldwork funding were provided by the Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (27125 to P.T.M.), the Oticon Fonden (18-0340 to C.E.M.) the Dansk Akustisk Selskab (to C.E.M.), the South Africa National Research Foundation (research career advancement fellowship to S.E.) and the Claude Leon Foundation (...
Published in: | Journal of Experimental Biology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2022
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data |
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ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/25110 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftstandrewserep |
language |
English |
topic |
Beam pattern Bioacoustics Hydrophone array Narrow-band high-frequency Passive acoustic monitoring Source parameters GC Oceanography DAS NIS GC |
spellingShingle |
Beam pattern Bioacoustics Hydrophone array Narrow-band high-frequency Passive acoustic monitoring Source parameters GC Oceanography DAS NIS GC Malinka, Chloe E Tønnesen, Pernille Dunn, Charlotte A Claridge, Diane E Gridley, Tess Elwen, Simon H Teglberg Madsen, Peter Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
topic_facet |
Beam pattern Bioacoustics Hydrophone array Narrow-band high-frequency Passive acoustic monitoring Source parameters GC Oceanography DAS NIS GC |
description |
PhD and fieldwork funding were provided by the Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (27125 to P.T.M.), the Oticon Fonden (18-0340 to C.E.M.) the Dansk Akustisk Selskab (to C.E.M.), the South Africa National Research Foundation (research career advancement fellowship to S.E.) and the Claude Leon Foundation (postdoctoral fellowship to T.G.). Dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima) are small toothed whales that produce narrow-band high-frequency (NBHF) echolocation clicks. Such NBHF clicks, subject to high levels of acoustic absorption, are usually produced by small, shallow-diving odontocetes, such as porpoises, in keeping with their short-range echolocation and fast click rates. Here, we sought to address the problem of how the little-studied and deep-diving Kogia can hunt with NBHF clicks in the deep sea. Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that Kogia produce NBHF clicks with longer inter-click intervals (ICIs), higher directionality and higher source levels (SLs) compared with other NBHF species. We did this by deploying an autonomous deep-water vertical hydrophone array in the Bahamas, where no other NBHF species are present, and by taking opportunistic recordings of a close-range Kogia sima in a South African harbour. Parameters from on-axis clicks (n=46) in the deep revealed very narrow-band clicks (root mean squared bandwidth, BWRMS, of 3±1 kHz), with SLs of up to 197 dB re. 1 µPa peak-to-peak (μPapp) at 1 m, and a half-power beamwidth of 8.8 deg. Their ICIs (mode of 245 ms) were much longer than those of porpoises (<100 ms), suggesting an inspection range that is longer than detection ranges of single prey, perhaps to facilitate auditory streaming of a complex echo scene. On-axis clicks in the shallow harbour (n=870) had ICIs and SLs in keeping with source parameters of other NBHF cetaceans. Thus, in the deep, dwarf sperm whales use a directional, but short-range echolocation system with moderate SLs, suggesting a reliable mesopelagic prey habitat. Publisher PDF Peer reviewed |
author2 |
University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St Andrews. School of Biology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Malinka, Chloe E Tønnesen, Pernille Dunn, Charlotte A Claridge, Diane E Gridley, Tess Elwen, Simon H Teglberg Madsen, Peter |
author_facet |
Malinka, Chloe E Tønnesen, Pernille Dunn, Charlotte A Claridge, Diane E Gridley, Tess Elwen, Simon H Teglberg Madsen, Peter |
author_sort |
Malinka, Chloe E |
title |
Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
title_short |
Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
title_full |
Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
title_fullStr |
Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) |
title_sort |
echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (kogia sima) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data |
genre |
Sperm whale toothed whales |
genre_facet |
Sperm whale toothed whales |
op_relation |
Journal of Experimental Biology Malinka , C E , Tønnesen , P , Dunn , C A , Claridge , D E , Gridley , T , Elwen , S H & Teglberg Madsen , P 2021 , ' Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale ( Kogia sima ) ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 224 , no. 6 , jeb240689 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 0022-0949 PURE: 274691053 PURE UUID: 638f32b0-7260-4fe3-89dc-9cb4680c6ef6 PubMed: 33771935 ORCID: /0000-0002-4274-7239/work/95772489 Scopus: 85103608262 WOS: 000636462900018 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2021 The author(s). Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
container_volume |
224 |
container_issue |
6 |
_version_ |
1770273875542671360 |
spelling |
ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/25110 2023-07-02T03:33:47+02:00 Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) Malinka, Chloe E Tønnesen, Pernille Dunn, Charlotte A Claridge, Diane E Gridley, Tess Elwen, Simon H Teglberg Madsen, Peter University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St Andrews. School of Biology 2022-03-26 16 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data eng eng Journal of Experimental Biology Malinka , C E , Tønnesen , P , Dunn , C A , Claridge , D E , Gridley , T , Elwen , S H & Teglberg Madsen , P 2021 , ' Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale ( Kogia sima ) ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 224 , no. 6 , jeb240689 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 0022-0949 PURE: 274691053 PURE UUID: 638f32b0-7260-4fe3-89dc-9cb4680c6ef6 PubMed: 33771935 ORCID: /0000-0002-4274-7239/work/95772489 Scopus: 85103608262 WOS: 000636462900018 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data Copyright © 2021 The author(s). Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 Beam pattern Bioacoustics Hydrophone array Narrow-band high-frequency Passive acoustic monitoring Source parameters GC Oceanography DAS NIS GC Journal article 2022 ftstandrewserep https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689 2023-06-13T18:27:31Z PhD and fieldwork funding were provided by the Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (27125 to P.T.M.), the Oticon Fonden (18-0340 to C.E.M.) the Dansk Akustisk Selskab (to C.E.M.), the South Africa National Research Foundation (research career advancement fellowship to S.E.) and the Claude Leon Foundation (postdoctoral fellowship to T.G.). Dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima) are small toothed whales that produce narrow-band high-frequency (NBHF) echolocation clicks. Such NBHF clicks, subject to high levels of acoustic absorption, are usually produced by small, shallow-diving odontocetes, such as porpoises, in keeping with their short-range echolocation and fast click rates. Here, we sought to address the problem of how the little-studied and deep-diving Kogia can hunt with NBHF clicks in the deep sea. Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that Kogia produce NBHF clicks with longer inter-click intervals (ICIs), higher directionality and higher source levels (SLs) compared with other NBHF species. We did this by deploying an autonomous deep-water vertical hydrophone array in the Bahamas, where no other NBHF species are present, and by taking opportunistic recordings of a close-range Kogia sima in a South African harbour. Parameters from on-axis clicks (n=46) in the deep revealed very narrow-band clicks (root mean squared bandwidth, BWRMS, of 3±1 kHz), with SLs of up to 197 dB re. 1 µPa peak-to-peak (μPapp) at 1 m, and a half-power beamwidth of 8.8 deg. Their ICIs (mode of 245 ms) were much longer than those of porpoises (<100 ms), suggesting an inspection range that is longer than detection ranges of single prey, perhaps to facilitate auditory streaming of a complex echo scene. On-axis clicks in the shallow harbour (n=870) had ICIs and SLs in keeping with source parameters of other NBHF cetaceans. Thus, in the deep, dwarf sperm whales use a directional, but short-range echolocation system with moderate SLs, suggesting a reliable mesopelagic prey habitat. Publisher PDF Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Sperm whale toothed whales University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository Journal of Experimental Biology 224 6 |