CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales
This work was supported by NERC Standard Grant NE/N003861/1 to J.W.B.R. and L.F.R., a NOAA Climate and Global Change VSP Fellowship to J.W.B.R, NERC Standard Grant NE/M004619/1 to AB and JWBR, a NERC Strategic Environmental Science Capital Grant to A.B. and J.W.B.R., Marie Curie Career Integration G...
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ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/17585 2023-07-02T03:30:38+02:00 CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales Rae, James W. B. Burke, Andrea Robinson, L. F. Adkins, J. F. Chen, T. Cole, C. Greenop, Rosanna Li, T. Littley, E. Nita, D. C. Stewart, J. A. Taylor, B. NERC European Commission University of St Andrews. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of St Andrews. St Andrews Isotope Geochemistry 2019-04-24 16 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10023/17585 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 eng eng Nature Rae , J W B , Burke , A , Robinson , L F , Adkins , J F , Chen , T , Cole , C , Greenop , R , Li , T , Littley , E , Nita , D C , Stewart , J A & Taylor , B 2018 , ' CO 2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales ' , Nature , vol. 562 , pp. 569-573 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 0028-0836 PURE: 256073240 PURE UUID: 37bc72fa-994e-4cb7-a1f1-f41c490fb743 WOS: 000448277800054 Scopus: 85055416640 ORCID: /0000-0003-3904-2526/work/60196323 ORCID: /0000-0002-3754-1498/work/64034555 ORCID: /0000-0003-1442-7585/work/75997018 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/17585 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 NE/N003861/1 NE/M004619/1 CC082 PCIG14-GA-2013-631752 Copyright © 2018, The author(s), Springer Nature. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 GE Environmental Sciences GC Oceanography DAS BDC R2C SDG 13 - Climate Action GE GC Journal item 2019 ftstandrewserep https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 2023-06-13T18:28:52Z This work was supported by NERC Standard Grant NE/N003861/1 to J.W.B.R. and L.F.R., a NOAA Climate and Global Change VSP Fellowship to J.W.B.R, NERC Standard Grant NE/M004619/1 to AB and JWBR, a NERC Strategic Environmental Science Capital Grant to A.B. and J.W.B.R., Marie Curie Career Integration Grant CIG14-631752 to AB, an ERC consolidator grant to L.F.R., NSF grant OCE-1503129 to J.F.A., and NERC studentships to B.T. and E.L. The cause of changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) during the recent ice ages is yet to be fully explained. Most mechanisms for glacial–interglacial CO2 change have centred on carbon exchange with the deep ocean, owing to its large size and relatively rapid exchange with the atmosphere1. The Southern Ocean is thought to have a key role in this exchange, as much of the deep ocean is ventilated to the atmosphere in this region2. However, it is difficult to reconstruct changes in deep Southern Ocean carbon storage, so few direct tests of this hypothesis have been carried out. Here we present deep-sea coral boron isotope data that track the pH—and thus the CO2 chemistry—of the deep Southern Ocean over the past forty thousand years. At sites closest to the Antarctic continental margin, and most influenced by the deep southern waters that form the ocean’s lower overturning cell, we find a close relationship between ocean pH and atmospheric CO2: during intervals of low CO2, ocean pH is low, reflecting enhanced ocean carbon storage; and during intervals of rising CO2, ocean pH rises, reflecting loss of carbon from the ocean to the atmosphere. Correspondingly, at shallower sites we find rapid (millennial- to centennial-scale) decreases in pH during abrupt increases in CO2, reflecting the rapid transfer of carbon from the deep ocean to the upper ocean and atmosphere. Our findings confirm the importance of the deep Southern Ocean in ice-age CO2 change, and show that deep-ocean CO2 release can occur as a dynamic feedback to rapid climate change on centennial timescales. Postprint Peer ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Nature 562 7728 569 573 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftstandrewserep |
language |
English |
topic |
GE Environmental Sciences GC Oceanography DAS BDC R2C SDG 13 - Climate Action GE GC |
spellingShingle |
GE Environmental Sciences GC Oceanography DAS BDC R2C SDG 13 - Climate Action GE GC Rae, James W. B. Burke, Andrea Robinson, L. F. Adkins, J. F. Chen, T. Cole, C. Greenop, Rosanna Li, T. Littley, E. Nita, D. C. Stewart, J. A. Taylor, B. CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
topic_facet |
GE Environmental Sciences GC Oceanography DAS BDC R2C SDG 13 - Climate Action GE GC |
description |
This work was supported by NERC Standard Grant NE/N003861/1 to J.W.B.R. and L.F.R., a NOAA Climate and Global Change VSP Fellowship to J.W.B.R, NERC Standard Grant NE/M004619/1 to AB and JWBR, a NERC Strategic Environmental Science Capital Grant to A.B. and J.W.B.R., Marie Curie Career Integration Grant CIG14-631752 to AB, an ERC consolidator grant to L.F.R., NSF grant OCE-1503129 to J.F.A., and NERC studentships to B.T. and E.L. The cause of changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) during the recent ice ages is yet to be fully explained. Most mechanisms for glacial–interglacial CO2 change have centred on carbon exchange with the deep ocean, owing to its large size and relatively rapid exchange with the atmosphere1. The Southern Ocean is thought to have a key role in this exchange, as much of the deep ocean is ventilated to the atmosphere in this region2. However, it is difficult to reconstruct changes in deep Southern Ocean carbon storage, so few direct tests of this hypothesis have been carried out. Here we present deep-sea coral boron isotope data that track the pH—and thus the CO2 chemistry—of the deep Southern Ocean over the past forty thousand years. At sites closest to the Antarctic continental margin, and most influenced by the deep southern waters that form the ocean’s lower overturning cell, we find a close relationship between ocean pH and atmospheric CO2: during intervals of low CO2, ocean pH is low, reflecting enhanced ocean carbon storage; and during intervals of rising CO2, ocean pH rises, reflecting loss of carbon from the ocean to the atmosphere. Correspondingly, at shallower sites we find rapid (millennial- to centennial-scale) decreases in pH during abrupt increases in CO2, reflecting the rapid transfer of carbon from the deep ocean to the upper ocean and atmosphere. Our findings confirm the importance of the deep Southern Ocean in ice-age CO2 change, and show that deep-ocean CO2 release can occur as a dynamic feedback to rapid climate change on centennial timescales. Postprint Peer ... |
author2 |
NERC European Commission University of St Andrews. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of St Andrews. St Andrews Isotope Geochemistry |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rae, James W. B. Burke, Andrea Robinson, L. F. Adkins, J. F. Chen, T. Cole, C. Greenop, Rosanna Li, T. Littley, E. Nita, D. C. Stewart, J. A. Taylor, B. |
author_facet |
Rae, James W. B. Burke, Andrea Robinson, L. F. Adkins, J. F. Chen, T. Cole, C. Greenop, Rosanna Li, T. Littley, E. Nita, D. C. Stewart, J. A. Taylor, B. |
author_sort |
Rae, James W. B. |
title |
CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
title_short |
CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
title_full |
CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
title_fullStr |
CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
title_full_unstemmed |
CO2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
title_sort |
co2 storage and release in the deep southern ocean on millennial to centennial timescales |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/17585 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Nature Rae , J W B , Burke , A , Robinson , L F , Adkins , J F , Chen , T , Cole , C , Greenop , R , Li , T , Littley , E , Nita , D C , Stewart , J A & Taylor , B 2018 , ' CO 2 storage and release in the deep Southern Ocean on millennial to centennial timescales ' , Nature , vol. 562 , pp. 569-573 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 0028-0836 PURE: 256073240 PURE UUID: 37bc72fa-994e-4cb7-a1f1-f41c490fb743 WOS: 000448277800054 Scopus: 85055416640 ORCID: /0000-0003-3904-2526/work/60196323 ORCID: /0000-0002-3754-1498/work/64034555 ORCID: /0000-0003-1442-7585/work/75997018 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/17585 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 NE/N003861/1 NE/M004619/1 CC082 PCIG14-GA-2013-631752 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2018, The author(s), Springer Nature. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0614-0 |
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Nature |
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