Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation
All three extant right whales [Eubalaena australis (Southern; SRW), glacialis (North Atlantic; NARW), and japonica (North Pacific; NPRW)] were heavily exploited, and the status of the two northern hemisphere species remains precarious. Recently, limited gains made by the NARW have been reversed and...
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ftstandrewserep:oai:research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk:10023/16962 2024-06-23T07:55:17+00:00 Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation Harcourt, Rob van der Hoop, Julie Kraus, Scott Carroll, Emma L. University of St Andrews. School of Biology University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit 2019-01-30T13:30:04Z 25 1449064 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10023/16962 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 eng eng Frontiers in Marine Science 257558282 6cb27b98-3fa2-4fd1-af27-d61226068ac1 85066026290 000457826000001 Harcourt , R , van der Hoop , J , Kraus , S & Carroll , E L 2019 , ' Future directions in Eubalaena spp. comparative research to inform conservation ' , Frontiers in Marine Science , vol. 5 , 530 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 2296-7745 RIS: urn:FB8415E3D92EEBF6681B1327C1FCB6F4 https://hdl.handle.net/10023/16962 doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 Right whale Conservation Cumulative effects analysis Conservation technology Threats Recovery QH301 Biology T-NDAS SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 13 - Climate Action SDG 14 - Life Below Water QH301 Journal article 2019 ftstandrewserep https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 2024-06-11T23:58:14Z All three extant right whales [Eubalaena australis (Southern; SRW), glacialis (North Atlantic; NARW), and japonica (North Pacific; NPRW)] were heavily exploited, and the status of the two northern hemisphere species remains precarious. Recently, limited gains made by the NARW have been reversed and urgent changes to management approaches are needed if extinction is to be averted. By contrast, some SRW populations are recovering. Given their close phylogenetic relationship, morphological, demographic, and ecological similarities, the contrasting recovery rates between populations and species provide an opportunity to apply a comparative approach to inform the differences in recovery as follows. (1) Recovery: All right whale species were internationally protected in 1931, but NARW, eastern NPRW and some SRW populations have barely recovered from whaling, while others are doing so at maximal rates. Are these differences a legacy of extreme depletion (e.g., loss of genetic diversity and cultural knowledge) or primarily due to anthropogenic factors (e.g., high mortality from ship strike and fisheries entanglement)? If modern anthropogenic threats are not affecting remote SRW populations, can these serve as baseline populations for comparison with NARW and NPRW? (2) Linking individuals to population-level responses: In wild mammals, strong links exist between reproductive indices and environmental conditions within the context of life-history strategies. Individual identification of whales provides the ability to track survival, reproduction and other demographic parameters, and their population-level consequences, providing the tools with which to uncover these links. Robust life-history analyses are now available for NARW and several SRW populations, linking demography with environmental conditions, providing the potential for teasing out important influencing factors. (3) Adapting to shifting resources: Recent reproductive declines in NARW appear linked to changing food resources. While we know some large-scale ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of St Andrews: Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftstandrewserep |
language |
English |
topic |
Right whale Conservation Cumulative effects analysis Conservation technology Threats Recovery QH301 Biology T-NDAS SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 13 - Climate Action SDG 14 - Life Below Water QH301 |
spellingShingle |
Right whale Conservation Cumulative effects analysis Conservation technology Threats Recovery QH301 Biology T-NDAS SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 13 - Climate Action SDG 14 - Life Below Water QH301 Harcourt, Rob van der Hoop, Julie Kraus, Scott Carroll, Emma L. Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
topic_facet |
Right whale Conservation Cumulative effects analysis Conservation technology Threats Recovery QH301 Biology T-NDAS SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 13 - Climate Action SDG 14 - Life Below Water QH301 |
description |
All three extant right whales [Eubalaena australis (Southern; SRW), glacialis (North Atlantic; NARW), and japonica (North Pacific; NPRW)] were heavily exploited, and the status of the two northern hemisphere species remains precarious. Recently, limited gains made by the NARW have been reversed and urgent changes to management approaches are needed if extinction is to be averted. By contrast, some SRW populations are recovering. Given their close phylogenetic relationship, morphological, demographic, and ecological similarities, the contrasting recovery rates between populations and species provide an opportunity to apply a comparative approach to inform the differences in recovery as follows. (1) Recovery: All right whale species were internationally protected in 1931, but NARW, eastern NPRW and some SRW populations have barely recovered from whaling, while others are doing so at maximal rates. Are these differences a legacy of extreme depletion (e.g., loss of genetic diversity and cultural knowledge) or primarily due to anthropogenic factors (e.g., high mortality from ship strike and fisheries entanglement)? If modern anthropogenic threats are not affecting remote SRW populations, can these serve as baseline populations for comparison with NARW and NPRW? (2) Linking individuals to population-level responses: In wild mammals, strong links exist between reproductive indices and environmental conditions within the context of life-history strategies. Individual identification of whales provides the ability to track survival, reproduction and other demographic parameters, and their population-level consequences, providing the tools with which to uncover these links. Robust life-history analyses are now available for NARW and several SRW populations, linking demography with environmental conditions, providing the potential for teasing out important influencing factors. (3) Adapting to shifting resources: Recent reproductive declines in NARW appear linked to changing food resources. While we know some large-scale ... |
author2 |
University of St Andrews. School of Biology University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harcourt, Rob van der Hoop, Julie Kraus, Scott Carroll, Emma L. |
author_facet |
Harcourt, Rob van der Hoop, Julie Kraus, Scott Carroll, Emma L. |
author_sort |
Harcourt, Rob |
title |
Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
title_short |
Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
title_full |
Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
title_fullStr |
Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Future directions in Eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
title_sort |
future directions in eubalaena spp. : comparative research to inform conservation |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10023/16962 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Marine Science 257558282 6cb27b98-3fa2-4fd1-af27-d61226068ac1 85066026290 000457826000001 Harcourt , R , van der Hoop , J , Kraus , S & Carroll , E L 2019 , ' Future directions in Eubalaena spp. comparative research to inform conservation ' , Frontiers in Marine Science , vol. 5 , 530 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 2296-7745 RIS: urn:FB8415E3D92EEBF6681B1327C1FCB6F4 https://hdl.handle.net/10023/16962 doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00530 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
5 |
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1802647827003736064 |