Studies on the connective tissue matrix components of the arterial wall of humans and salmonids (salmo gairdneri and salmo salar): age-and species-related physical and chemical properties

• Main Author: Spina, Michele Attilio
• Other Authors: Serafini-Fracassini, Augusto
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: University of St Andrews 2018
• Subjects: QP106.2S7; Arterial. Aorta; Salmo salar
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14903

Section A of this thesis describes the non-degradative isolation procedure of elastin from the media of human thoracic aorta and the determination of its ponderal distribution as well as that of the other connective tissue matrix components in the aortic media of individuals of different ages. A cylindrical segment, free of complex atherosclerotic lesions, was resected at autopsy from each of fifty-nine descending human thoracic aortae by cutting just below the level of the first pair of intercostal arteries and 35 mm distal to this incision. In the isolated tunica media there was an age-related rise in the absolute concentration of the following components: (a) proteins and glycoproteins extractable in chaotropic agents, (b) collagen and (c) an insoluble polar protein(s) which was resistant to collagenase digestion but was solubilized by trypsin. In contrast, the absolute elastin concentration was constant at around 70 mg/cm in samples of all ages. Although after treatment with collagenase and trypsin, both the mechanical properties and amino acid composition of elastin did not vary with age, in samples tested prior to trypsin digestion the insoluble polar-protein contaminant affected the mechanical behaviour of the elastin network in a way akin to plasticisers in rubber. It is therefore suggested that the morphological changes .and stiffening observed in the ageing aortic wall are not due to degradation of its elastin network bu to variations in the supramolecular organisation of connective tissue components. Section B of this thesis describes the isolation of elastin and the determination of its distribution as well as that of collagen in the bulbus arteriosus and ventral aorta of trout (Salmo gairdneri) and salmon (Salmo salar). The isolation of elastin fibrils from these specimens did not require the use of proteolytic enzymzes as collagen and all the other components of the vessel wall were readily extracted in denaturing and reducing conditions. The arterial walls of trout and salmon are characterized by ...