Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera
The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foram...
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ftsouthampton:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:426504 2024-02-11T10:06:33+01:00 Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera Burke, Janet E. Renema, Willem Henehan, Michael J. Elder, Leanne E. Davis, Catherine V. Maas, Amy E. Foster, Gavin L. Schiebel, Ralf Hull, Pincelli M. 2018-11-07 text https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/ https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/1/bg_15_6607_2018.pdf en English eng https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/1/bg_15_6607_2018.pdf Burke, Janet E., Renema, Willem, Henehan, Michael J., Elder, Leanne E., Davis, Catherine V., Maas, Amy E., Foster, Gavin L., Schiebel, Ralf and Hull, Pincelli M. (2018) Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera. Biogeosciences, 15 (21), 6607-6619. (doi:10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018>). cc_by_4 Article PeerReviewed 2018 ftsouthampton https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 2024-01-25T23:19:25Z The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foraminifera, variation in average pore area, density, and porosity (the total percentage of a test wall that is open pore space) have been variously attributed to environmental, biological, and taxonomic drivers, complicating such an interpretation. Here we examine the environmental, biological, and evolutionary determinants of pore characteristics in 718 individuals, representing 17 morphospecies of planktonic foraminifera from 6 core tops in the North Atlantic. Using random forest models, we find that porosity is primarily correlated to test surface area, test volume, and habitat temperature, key factors in determining metabolic rates. In order to test if this correlation arose spuriously through the association of cryptic species with distinct biomes, we cultured Globigerinoides ruber in three different temperature conditions, and found that porosity increased with temperature. Crucially, these results show that porosity can be plastic: changing in response to environmental drivers within the lifetime of an individual foraminifer. This demonstrates the potential of porosity as a proxy for foraminiferal metabolic rates, with significance for interpreting geochemical data and the physiology of foraminifera in non-analog environments. It also highlights the importance of phenotypic plasticity (i.e., ecophenotypy) in accounting for some aspects of morphological variation in the modern and fossil record. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton Biogeosciences 15 21 6607 6619 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton |
op_collection_id |
ftsouthampton |
language |
English |
description |
The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foraminifera, variation in average pore area, density, and porosity (the total percentage of a test wall that is open pore space) have been variously attributed to environmental, biological, and taxonomic drivers, complicating such an interpretation. Here we examine the environmental, biological, and evolutionary determinants of pore characteristics in 718 individuals, representing 17 morphospecies of planktonic foraminifera from 6 core tops in the North Atlantic. Using random forest models, we find that porosity is primarily correlated to test surface area, test volume, and habitat temperature, key factors in determining metabolic rates. In order to test if this correlation arose spuriously through the association of cryptic species with distinct biomes, we cultured Globigerinoides ruber in three different temperature conditions, and found that porosity increased with temperature. Crucially, these results show that porosity can be plastic: changing in response to environmental drivers within the lifetime of an individual foraminifer. This demonstrates the potential of porosity as a proxy for foraminiferal metabolic rates, with significance for interpreting geochemical data and the physiology of foraminifera in non-analog environments. It also highlights the importance of phenotypic plasticity (i.e., ecophenotypy) in accounting for some aspects of morphological variation in the modern and fossil record. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Burke, Janet E. Renema, Willem Henehan, Michael J. Elder, Leanne E. Davis, Catherine V. Maas, Amy E. Foster, Gavin L. Schiebel, Ralf Hull, Pincelli M. |
spellingShingle |
Burke, Janet E. Renema, Willem Henehan, Michael J. Elder, Leanne E. Davis, Catherine V. Maas, Amy E. Foster, Gavin L. Schiebel, Ralf Hull, Pincelli M. Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
author_facet |
Burke, Janet E. Renema, Willem Henehan, Michael J. Elder, Leanne E. Davis, Catherine V. Maas, Amy E. Foster, Gavin L. Schiebel, Ralf Hull, Pincelli M. |
author_sort |
Burke, Janet E. |
title |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_short |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_full |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_fullStr |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_sort |
factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/ https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/1/bg_15_6607_2018.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
op_relation |
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426504/1/bg_15_6607_2018.pdf Burke, Janet E., Renema, Willem, Henehan, Michael J., Elder, Leanne E., Davis, Catherine V., Maas, Amy E., Foster, Gavin L., Schiebel, Ralf and Hull, Pincelli M. (2018) Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera. Biogeosciences, 15 (21), 6607-6619. (doi:10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018>). |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
6607 |
op_container_end_page |
6619 |
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1790604342446784512 |