Thermal alteration of terrestrial palynomorphs in mid-Cretaceous organic-rich mudstones intruded by igneous sill (Newfoundland Margin, ODP Hole 1276A)

• Published in: International Journal of Coal Geology
• Main Authors: Pross, J., Pletsch, T., Shillington, D.J., Ligouis, B., Schellenberg, F., Kus, J.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2007
• Subjects: Newfoundland
• Online Access: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41392/

Most approaches used to reconstruct thermal alteration of sediments necessitate advanced, relatively expensive analytical techniques. We have evaluated the fidelity of a less costly, relatively simple approach of visually assessing sporomorph colours to determine thermal alteration. The sporomorph-based thermal alteration estimates were compared to vitrinite reflectance data from the same samples. As study material, we selected a succession of mid-Cretaceous (Albian) organic-rich clay- and siltstones intruded by a diabase sill that was recovered from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1276A, off Newfoundland. Six sporomorph groups (SG), each consisting of morphologically well-defined, easily identifiable constituents with long stratigraphic ranges, were individually evaluated for their thermal alteration signals. These groups are: (1) leiotrilete spores of the genera Biretisporites, Cyathidites, Deltoidospora, Dictyophyllidites, Gleicheniidites, and Leiotriletes (SG-1; subdivided into three subgroups SG-1a, SG-1b and SG-1c with sporoderm thicknesses <1 ?m, 1–1.5 ?m and >1.5 ?m, respectively); (2) trilete, rugulate spores of the genera Camerozonosporites and Lycopodiacidites (SG-2); (3) trilete, striate spores of the genera Appendicisporites, Cicatricosisporites and Plicatella (SG-3); and (4) the gymnosperm-pollen taxon Classopollis torosus (SG-4). Sporomorph colours were determined using Munsell colour standards under reproducible optical conditions. To minimize the potential influence of reworked specimens on the dataset, only the lightest 50% of all counted specimens per sporomorph group were evaluated for their thermal alteration signals. The thermal alteration estimates from all sporomorph groups yield an internally consistent picture that is compatible with vitrinite reflectance data from the same samples. They indicate that downhole thermal alteration does not increase until 20 m above the igneous sill. A steep rise occurs only at 4.23 m above the sill, and thermal alteration peaks in the sample ...