Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages
Iron availability and temperature are important limiting factors for the biota in many areas of the world ocean, and both have been predicted to change in future climate scenarios. However, the impacts of combined changes in these two key factors on microbial trophic dynamics and nutrient cycling ar...
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ftsouthampton:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:413858 2023-07-30T03:58:17+02:00 Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages Rose, J.M. Feng, Y. DiTullio, G.R. Dunbar, R.B. Hare, C. E. Lee, P.A. Lohan, M. Long, M. Smith, W.O. Sohst, B. Tozzi, S. Zhang, Y. Hutchins, D.A. 2009-12-21 https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/413858/ English eng Rose, J.M., Feng, Y., DiTullio, G.R., Dunbar, R.B., Hare, C. E., Lee, P.A., Lohan, M., Long, M., Smith, W.O., Sohst, B., Tozzi, S., Zhang, Y. and Hutchins, D.A. (2009) Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages. Biogeosciences, 6 (12), 3131-3147. (doi:10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009>). Article PeerReviewed 2009 ftsouthampton https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009 2023-07-09T22:17:38Z Iron availability and temperature are important limiting factors for the biota in many areas of the world ocean, and both have been predicted to change in future climate scenarios. However, the impacts of combined changes in these two key factors on microbial trophic dynamics and nutrient cycling are unknown. We examined the relative effects of iron addition (+1 nM) and increased temperature (+4°C) on plankton assemblages of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, a region characterized by annual algal blooms and an active microbial community. Increased iron and temperature individually had consistently significant but relatively minor positive effects on total phytoplankton abundance, phytoplankton and microzooplankton community composition, as well as photosynthetic parameters and nutrient drawdown. Unexpectedly, increased iron had a consistently negative impact on microzooplankton abundance, most likely a secondary response to changes in phytoplankton community composition. When iron and temperature were increased in concert, the resulting interactive effects were greatly magnified. This synergy between iron and temperature increases would not have been predictable by examining the effects of each variable individually. Our results suggest the possibility that if iron availability increases under future climate regimes, the impacts of predicted temperature increases on plankton assemblages in polar regions could be significantly enhanced. Such synergistic and antagonistic interactions between individual climate change variables highlight the importance of multivariate studies for marine global change experiments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ross Sea University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton Antarctic Ross Sea Biogeosciences 6 12 3131 3147 |
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Open Polar |
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University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton |
op_collection_id |
ftsouthampton |
language |
English |
description |
Iron availability and temperature are important limiting factors for the biota in many areas of the world ocean, and both have been predicted to change in future climate scenarios. However, the impacts of combined changes in these two key factors on microbial trophic dynamics and nutrient cycling are unknown. We examined the relative effects of iron addition (+1 nM) and increased temperature (+4°C) on plankton assemblages of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, a region characterized by annual algal blooms and an active microbial community. Increased iron and temperature individually had consistently significant but relatively minor positive effects on total phytoplankton abundance, phytoplankton and microzooplankton community composition, as well as photosynthetic parameters and nutrient drawdown. Unexpectedly, increased iron had a consistently negative impact on microzooplankton abundance, most likely a secondary response to changes in phytoplankton community composition. When iron and temperature were increased in concert, the resulting interactive effects were greatly magnified. This synergy between iron and temperature increases would not have been predictable by examining the effects of each variable individually. Our results suggest the possibility that if iron availability increases under future climate regimes, the impacts of predicted temperature increases on plankton assemblages in polar regions could be significantly enhanced. Such synergistic and antagonistic interactions between individual climate change variables highlight the importance of multivariate studies for marine global change experiments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rose, J.M. Feng, Y. DiTullio, G.R. Dunbar, R.B. Hare, C. E. Lee, P.A. Lohan, M. Long, M. Smith, W.O. Sohst, B. Tozzi, S. Zhang, Y. Hutchins, D.A. |
spellingShingle |
Rose, J.M. Feng, Y. DiTullio, G.R. Dunbar, R.B. Hare, C. E. Lee, P.A. Lohan, M. Long, M. Smith, W.O. Sohst, B. Tozzi, S. Zhang, Y. Hutchins, D.A. Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
author_facet |
Rose, J.M. Feng, Y. DiTullio, G.R. Dunbar, R.B. Hare, C. E. Lee, P.A. Lohan, M. Long, M. Smith, W.O. Sohst, B. Tozzi, S. Zhang, Y. Hutchins, D.A. |
author_sort |
Rose, J.M. |
title |
Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
title_short |
Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
title_full |
Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
title_fullStr |
Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
title_full_unstemmed |
Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
title_sort |
synergistic effects of iron and temperature on antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/413858/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Ross Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Ross Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ross Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ross Sea |
op_relation |
Rose, J.M., Feng, Y., DiTullio, G.R., Dunbar, R.B., Hare, C. E., Lee, P.A., Lohan, M., Long, M., Smith, W.O., Sohst, B., Tozzi, S., Zhang, Y. and Hutchins, D.A. (2009) Synergistic effects of iron and temperature on Antarctic phytoplankton and microzooplankton assemblages. Biogeosciences, 6 (12), 3131-3147. (doi:10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009 <http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009>). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-3131-2009 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
3131 |
op_container_end_page |
3147 |
_version_ |
1772821127186350080 |