Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean
In addition to ocean acidification due to a gradual anthropogenic CO2 uptake, strong seasonal variations in the carbonate system occur in the Arctic Ocean as a result of physical and biological processes. Understanding this seasonal variability is critical for predicting the onset of calcium carbona...
Published in: | Marine Chemistry |
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Language: | English |
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ftsouthampton:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:361844 2023-07-30T03:59:47+02:00 Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean Tynan, Eithne Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. 2014-01-20 https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/361844/ English eng Tynan, Eithne, Tyrrell, Toby and Achterberg, Eric P. (2014) Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean. Marine Chemistry, 158, 1-9. (doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010>). Article PeerReviewed 2014 ftsouthampton https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010 2023-07-09T21:51:20Z In addition to ocean acidification due to a gradual anthropogenic CO2 uptake, strong seasonal variations in the carbonate system occur in the Arctic Ocean as a result of physical and biological processes. Understanding this seasonal variability is critical for predicting the onset of calcium carbonate mineral (?) undersaturation with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, these variations are currently poorly understood because of a lack of winter data due to the challenging field conditions in this season. Here we report observations over an annual cycle of the carbonate system of surface waters in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean, covering the region between Svalbard and mainland Norway. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations ranged from 2137–2148 ?mol kg? 1 in winter to 1986–2094 ?mol kg? 1 in summer, and total alkalinity (TA) concentrations between 2312–2341 ?mol kg? 1 in winter and 2199–2317 ?mol kg? 1 in summer. This resulted in an increase in TA:DIC ratios from 1.077–1.090 in winter to 1.106–1.112 in summer, mainly due to the biological uptake of CO2 during spring and summer. Similarly, a significant seasonal variability was observed in ? (0.4–0.9), with lowest saturation states in winter (?aragonite ~ 1.8–2.1) and highest in spring and summer (?aragonite ? 2.4). Analysis of the biogeochemical and physical processes that impact aragonite saturation states (?ar) showed biological production to be the most important factor driving seasonal variability in ?ar in this area, accounting for 45–70% of the difference between winter and summer values. Future changes in these processes may alter the seasonal cycle of the carbonate system in both amplitude and timing, and further observations are required to determine the progress of ocean acidification in the Atlantic waters entering the Arctic Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification Svalbard University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton Arctic Arctic Ocean Norway Svalbard Marine Chemistry 158 1 9 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton |
op_collection_id |
ftsouthampton |
language |
English |
description |
In addition to ocean acidification due to a gradual anthropogenic CO2 uptake, strong seasonal variations in the carbonate system occur in the Arctic Ocean as a result of physical and biological processes. Understanding this seasonal variability is critical for predicting the onset of calcium carbonate mineral (?) undersaturation with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, these variations are currently poorly understood because of a lack of winter data due to the challenging field conditions in this season. Here we report observations over an annual cycle of the carbonate system of surface waters in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean, covering the region between Svalbard and mainland Norway. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations ranged from 2137–2148 ?mol kg? 1 in winter to 1986–2094 ?mol kg? 1 in summer, and total alkalinity (TA) concentrations between 2312–2341 ?mol kg? 1 in winter and 2199–2317 ?mol kg? 1 in summer. This resulted in an increase in TA:DIC ratios from 1.077–1.090 in winter to 1.106–1.112 in summer, mainly due to the biological uptake of CO2 during spring and summer. Similarly, a significant seasonal variability was observed in ? (0.4–0.9), with lowest saturation states in winter (?aragonite ~ 1.8–2.1) and highest in spring and summer (?aragonite ? 2.4). Analysis of the biogeochemical and physical processes that impact aragonite saturation states (?ar) showed biological production to be the most important factor driving seasonal variability in ?ar in this area, accounting for 45–70% of the difference between winter and summer values. Future changes in these processes may alter the seasonal cycle of the carbonate system in both amplitude and timing, and further observations are required to determine the progress of ocean acidification in the Atlantic waters entering the Arctic Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tynan, Eithne Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. |
spellingShingle |
Tynan, Eithne Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
author_facet |
Tynan, Eithne Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. |
author_sort |
Tynan, Eithne |
title |
Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the atlantic gateway to the arctic ocean |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/361844/ |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Norway Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Norway Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification Svalbard |
op_relation |
Tynan, Eithne, Tyrrell, Toby and Achterberg, Eric P. (2014) Controls on the seasonal variability of calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean. Marine Chemistry, 158, 1-9. (doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010>). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.010 |
container_title |
Marine Chemistry |
container_volume |
158 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
9 |
_version_ |
1772810566909296640 |