North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean
One potential mechanism for lowering atmospheric CO2 during glacial times is an increase in the fraction of the global ocean ventilated by the North Atlantic, which produces deep water with a low concentration of unused nutrients and thus drives the ocean's biological pump to a high efficiency....
Published in: | Paleoceanography |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2012
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/358634/ |
id |
ftsouthampton:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:358634 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftsouthampton:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:358634 2023-07-30T03:58:03+02:00 North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean Kwon, Eun Young Hain, Mathis P. Sigman, Daniel M. Galbraith, Eric D. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Toggweiler, J.R. 2012-06 https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/358634/ English eng Kwon, Eun Young, Hain, Mathis P., Sigman, Daniel M., Galbraith, Eric D., Sarmiento, Jorge L. and Toggweiler, J.R. (2012) North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography, 27 (2). (doi:10.1029/2011PA002211 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002211>). Article PeerReviewed 2012 ftsouthampton https://doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002211 2023-07-09T21:49:39Z One potential mechanism for lowering atmospheric CO2 during glacial times is an increase in the fraction of the global ocean ventilated by the North Atlantic, which produces deep water with a low concentration of unused nutrients and thus drives the ocean's biological pump to a high efficiency. However, the data indicate that during glacial times, a water mass low in 13C/12C and 14C/C occupied the deep Atlantic, apparently at the expense of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). This water is commonly referred to as “southern-sourced” because of its apparent entry into the Atlantic basin from the South, prompting the inference that it was ventilated at the Southern Ocean surface. Here, we propose that this deep Atlantic water mass actually included a large fraction of North Atlantic-ventilated water, the chemical characteristics of which were altered by recirculation in the deep Southern and Indo-Pacific oceans. In an ocean model sensitivity experiment that reduces Antarctic Bottom Water formation and weakens its overturning circulation, we find that a much greater fraction of NADW is transported into the Southern Ocean without contacting the surface and is entrained and mixed into the southern-sourced deep water that spreads into the global abyssal ocean. Thus, North Atlantic ventilation takes over more of the ocean interior, lowering atmospheric CO2, and yet the abyssal Atlantic is filled from the South with old water low in 13C/12C and 14C/C, consistent with glacial data. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Southern Ocean University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean Paleoceanography 27 2 n/a n/a |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Southampton: e-Prints Soton |
op_collection_id |
ftsouthampton |
language |
English |
description |
One potential mechanism for lowering atmospheric CO2 during glacial times is an increase in the fraction of the global ocean ventilated by the North Atlantic, which produces deep water with a low concentration of unused nutrients and thus drives the ocean's biological pump to a high efficiency. However, the data indicate that during glacial times, a water mass low in 13C/12C and 14C/C occupied the deep Atlantic, apparently at the expense of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). This water is commonly referred to as “southern-sourced” because of its apparent entry into the Atlantic basin from the South, prompting the inference that it was ventilated at the Southern Ocean surface. Here, we propose that this deep Atlantic water mass actually included a large fraction of North Atlantic-ventilated water, the chemical characteristics of which were altered by recirculation in the deep Southern and Indo-Pacific oceans. In an ocean model sensitivity experiment that reduces Antarctic Bottom Water formation and weakens its overturning circulation, we find that a much greater fraction of NADW is transported into the Southern Ocean without contacting the surface and is entrained and mixed into the southern-sourced deep water that spreads into the global abyssal ocean. Thus, North Atlantic ventilation takes over more of the ocean interior, lowering atmospheric CO2, and yet the abyssal Atlantic is filled from the South with old water low in 13C/12C and 14C/C, consistent with glacial data. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kwon, Eun Young Hain, Mathis P. Sigman, Daniel M. Galbraith, Eric D. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Toggweiler, J.R. |
spellingShingle |
Kwon, Eun Young Hain, Mathis P. Sigman, Daniel M. Galbraith, Eric D. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Toggweiler, J.R. North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
author_facet |
Kwon, Eun Young Hain, Mathis P. Sigman, Daniel M. Galbraith, Eric D. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Toggweiler, J.R. |
author_sort |
Kwon, Eun Young |
title |
North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
title_short |
North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
title_full |
North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
title_fullStr |
North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
title_sort |
north atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/358634/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Kwon, Eun Young, Hain, Mathis P., Sigman, Daniel M., Galbraith, Eric D., Sarmiento, Jorge L. and Toggweiler, J.R. (2012) North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced” deep water in the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography, 27 (2). (doi:10.1029/2011PA002211 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002211>). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002211 |
container_title |
Paleoceanography |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
n/a |
op_container_end_page |
n/a |
_version_ |
1772820963234152448 |