Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific
Understanding the social and environmental drivers of the distribution and movements of marine megafauna is essential to their conservation. Cetaceans are elusive and mobile species, whose management requires an improved understanding of habitat use patterns. This thesis is aimed at investigating th...
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2018
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ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:tel-02865352v2 2024-06-16T07:40:36+00:00 Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific Écologie spatiale des baleines à bosse en zone de reproduction : habitats, distribution et mouvements dans le Pacifique Sud Derville, Solène Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE Nouvelle-Calédonie ) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD Nouvelle-Calédonie )-Délégation Ifremer de Nouvelle-Calédonie Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Sorbonne Université Claire Garrigue 2018-12-03 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/file/these_DERVILLE_Sonia_2018.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2018SORUS374 tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/file/these_DERVILLE_Sonia_2018.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 Biodiversity and Ecology. Sorbonne Université, 2018. English. ⟨NNT : 2018SORUS374⟩ Humpback whale Species Distribution Models Movements Habitat mapping Spatial management Baleine à bosse Modèles de distribution d’espèces Déplacements Cartographie d’habitats Gestion spatiale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2018 ftsorbonneuniv 2024-05-23T23:49:29Z Understanding the social and environmental drivers of the distribution and movements of marine megafauna is essential to their conservation. Cetaceans are elusive and mobile species, whose management requires an improved understanding of habitat use patterns. This thesis is aimed at investigating the spatial ecology of an endangered population of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the South Pacific Ocean. Using a multidisciplinary dataset collected between 1995 and 2018 in New Caledonia and Oceania, this thesis addressed three objectives, 1) investigate best practices to cetacean species distribution modeling, 2) acquire fundamental knowledge on the distribution, habitats and movements of humpback whales in Oceania breeding grounds, and 3) predict priority conservation areas and potential threats to humpback whales. Modeling the distribution of a migratory large whale from non-systematic visual survey and citizen science data provided valuable space-use predictions when uneven survey effort and statistical overfitting were specifically addressed. Generalized Additive Models were favored for their complexity trade-off, ecological interpretability and transferability. Models of habitat use revealed a preference for a diversity of shallow habitats (low island and atoll lagoons, barrier reef and high island slopes, banks and seamounts) spread over a relatively large thermal range over Oceania. Shallow seamounts and banks were identified as major breeding and nursing habitats and play a key role in the connectivity within and between populations. This unique and unexpected use of pelagic waters has important consequences for the spatial management of humpback whales. The predictions of present and future suitable humpback whale breeding habitats at multiples scales provide science-based evidence for priority conservation areas, and enable mitigation of threats from anthropogenic activities and climate change in the South Pacific. Comprendre les facteurs sociaux et environnementaux de la distribution et des ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Humpback Whale Low Island Megaptera novaeangliae Baleine à bosse HAL Sorbonne Université Baleine ENVELOPE(140.012,140.012,-66.649,-66.649) High Island ENVELOPE(167.000,167.000,-77.500,-77.500) Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HAL Sorbonne Université |
op_collection_id |
ftsorbonneuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Humpback whale Species Distribution Models Movements Habitat mapping Spatial management Baleine à bosse Modèles de distribution d’espèces Déplacements Cartographie d’habitats Gestion spatiale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Humpback whale Species Distribution Models Movements Habitat mapping Spatial management Baleine à bosse Modèles de distribution d’espèces Déplacements Cartographie d’habitats Gestion spatiale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Derville, Solène Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
topic_facet |
Humpback whale Species Distribution Models Movements Habitat mapping Spatial management Baleine à bosse Modèles de distribution d’espèces Déplacements Cartographie d’habitats Gestion spatiale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
Understanding the social and environmental drivers of the distribution and movements of marine megafauna is essential to their conservation. Cetaceans are elusive and mobile species, whose management requires an improved understanding of habitat use patterns. This thesis is aimed at investigating the spatial ecology of an endangered population of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the South Pacific Ocean. Using a multidisciplinary dataset collected between 1995 and 2018 in New Caledonia and Oceania, this thesis addressed three objectives, 1) investigate best practices to cetacean species distribution modeling, 2) acquire fundamental knowledge on the distribution, habitats and movements of humpback whales in Oceania breeding grounds, and 3) predict priority conservation areas and potential threats to humpback whales. Modeling the distribution of a migratory large whale from non-systematic visual survey and citizen science data provided valuable space-use predictions when uneven survey effort and statistical overfitting were specifically addressed. Generalized Additive Models were favored for their complexity trade-off, ecological interpretability and transferability. Models of habitat use revealed a preference for a diversity of shallow habitats (low island and atoll lagoons, barrier reef and high island slopes, banks and seamounts) spread over a relatively large thermal range over Oceania. Shallow seamounts and banks were identified as major breeding and nursing habitats and play a key role in the connectivity within and between populations. This unique and unexpected use of pelagic waters has important consequences for the spatial management of humpback whales. The predictions of present and future suitable humpback whale breeding habitats at multiples scales provide science-based evidence for priority conservation areas, and enable mitigation of threats from anthropogenic activities and climate change in the South Pacific. Comprendre les facteurs sociaux et environnementaux de la distribution et des ... |
author2 |
Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE Nouvelle-Calédonie ) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD Nouvelle-Calédonie )-Délégation Ifremer de Nouvelle-Calédonie Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Sorbonne Université Claire Garrigue |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Derville, Solène |
author_facet |
Derville, Solène |
author_sort |
Derville, Solène |
title |
Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
title_short |
Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
title_full |
Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
title_fullStr |
Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the South Pacific |
title_sort |
spatial ecology of humpback whales in breeding areas : habitats, distribution and movements in the south pacific |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/file/these_DERVILLE_Sonia_2018.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(140.012,140.012,-66.649,-66.649) ENVELOPE(167.000,167.000,-77.500,-77.500) |
geographic |
Baleine High Island Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Baleine High Island Pacific |
genre |
Humpback Whale Low Island Megaptera novaeangliae Baleine à bosse |
genre_facet |
Humpback Whale Low Island Megaptera novaeangliae Baleine à bosse |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 Biodiversity and Ecology. Sorbonne Université, 2018. English. ⟨NNT : 2018SORUS374⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2018SORUS374 tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02865352v2/file/these_DERVILLE_Sonia_2018.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1802007569735090176 |