Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities
Predicted ocean acidification and warming for the end of the century may have drastic consequences on the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. However, a lack of knowledge persists on the impact of future changes on the response of marine communities. This thesis aims to provide new under...
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ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:tel-01813201v1 2024-02-11T10:07:23+01:00 Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities Impacts de l'acidification et du réchauffement des océans sur la diversité et le rôle fonctionnel des communautés associées aux macroalgues Legrand, Erwann Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M) Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI Sophie Martin Pascal Riera 2017-12-06 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/file/2017PA066505.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2017PA066505 tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/file/2017PA066505.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 Océanographie. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PA066505⟩ Climate change Marine community Température Co2 Bancs de maërl Cuvettes intertidales Communauté Interactions spécifiques [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2017 ftsorbonneuniv 2024-01-23T23:54:16Z Predicted ocean acidification and warming for the end of the century may have drastic consequences on the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. However, a lack of knowledge persists on the impact of future changes on the response of marine communities. This thesis aims to provide new understanding of the impact of ocean acidification and warming at the community level. For this, two ecosystems have been considered: rockpools, characterized by high physico-chemical variations, and maerl beds, with smaller variations. In the laboratory, artificial assemblages were created from the main calcareous and fleshy macroalgal and grazer species present in these two ecosystems. Created assemblages have been subjected to ambient and future temperature and pCO2 conditions. Ocean acidification and warming altered the structure and functioning of maerl bed assemblages, through an increase in the productivity of non-calcareous macroalgae and a decline in maërl calcification rates. The physiology of grazers is negatively impacted by future changes, which altered assemblages’ trophic structure. On the other hand, ocean acidification and warming had no effect on the productivity of rockpool assemblages. The highly variable environment may thus increase the resistance of rockpool communities to future changes, compared to communities from more stable environments, such as maerl beds. L'acidification et le réchauffement des océans prévus pour la fin du siècle sont susceptibles d'avoir des conséquences drastiques sur la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes marins. Un manque de connaissance persiste cependant quant à l'impact des changements futurs sur la réponse des communautés marines. Cette thèse a pour objectif de fournir de nouveaux éléments de compréhension de l'impact de l'acidification et du réchauffement des océans à l'échelle communautaire, en considérant un écosystème aux propriétés physico-chimiques hypervariables, les cuvettes intertidales, et un écosystème plus stable, les bancs de maërl. Des ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ocean acidification HAL Sorbonne Université |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HAL Sorbonne Université |
op_collection_id |
ftsorbonneuniv |
language |
French |
topic |
Climate change Marine community Température Co2 Bancs de maërl Cuvettes intertidales Communauté Interactions spécifiques [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Climate change Marine community Température Co2 Bancs de maërl Cuvettes intertidales Communauté Interactions spécifiques [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Legrand, Erwann Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
topic_facet |
Climate change Marine community Température Co2 Bancs de maërl Cuvettes intertidales Communauté Interactions spécifiques [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
Predicted ocean acidification and warming for the end of the century may have drastic consequences on the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. However, a lack of knowledge persists on the impact of future changes on the response of marine communities. This thesis aims to provide new understanding of the impact of ocean acidification and warming at the community level. For this, two ecosystems have been considered: rockpools, characterized by high physico-chemical variations, and maerl beds, with smaller variations. In the laboratory, artificial assemblages were created from the main calcareous and fleshy macroalgal and grazer species present in these two ecosystems. Created assemblages have been subjected to ambient and future temperature and pCO2 conditions. Ocean acidification and warming altered the structure and functioning of maerl bed assemblages, through an increase in the productivity of non-calcareous macroalgae and a decline in maërl calcification rates. The physiology of grazers is negatively impacted by future changes, which altered assemblages’ trophic structure. On the other hand, ocean acidification and warming had no effect on the productivity of rockpool assemblages. The highly variable environment may thus increase the resistance of rockpool communities to future changes, compared to communities from more stable environments, such as maerl beds. L'acidification et le réchauffement des océans prévus pour la fin du siècle sont susceptibles d'avoir des conséquences drastiques sur la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes marins. Un manque de connaissance persiste cependant quant à l'impact des changements futurs sur la réponse des communautés marines. Cette thèse a pour objectif de fournir de nouveaux éléments de compréhension de l'impact de l'acidification et du réchauffement des océans à l'échelle communautaire, en considérant un écosystème aux propriétés physico-chimiques hypervariables, les cuvettes intertidales, et un écosystème plus stable, les bancs de maërl. Des ... |
author2 |
Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M) Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI Sophie Martin Pascal Riera |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Legrand, Erwann |
author_facet |
Legrand, Erwann |
author_sort |
Legrand, Erwann |
title |
Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
title_short |
Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
title_full |
Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
title_fullStr |
Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
title_sort |
impact of ocean acidification and warming on the diversity and the functioning of macroalgal communities |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/file/2017PA066505.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 Océanographie. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PA066505⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2017PA066505 tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01813201/file/2017PA066505.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1790605928708440064 |