Mapping gas around massive galaxies: cross-correlation of DES Y3 galaxies and Compton-$y$-maps from SPT and Planck

• Published in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• Main Authors: Omori, Y., Chang, C., Bleem, L.E., Crawford, T., Drlica-Wagner, A., Raghunathan, S., Zacharegkas, G., Abbott, T.M.C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Alves, O., Amon, A., Avila, S., Baxter, E., Bechtol, K., Benson, B.A., Bernstein, G.M., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D.L., Campos, A., Carlstrom, J.E., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F.J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C.L., Chen, A., Choi, A., Chown, R., Costanzi, M., Crites, A.T., Crocce, M., da Costa, L.N., Pereira, M.E.S., de Haan, T., de Vicente, J., Derose, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H.T., Dobbs, M.A., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, W., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., George, E.M., Gerdes, D.W., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R.A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Halverson, N.W., Hinton, S.R., Holder, G.P., Hollowood, D.L., Holzapfel, W.L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J.D., James, D.J., Knox, L., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lee, A.T., Luong-Van, D., Maccrann, N., Marshall, J.L., Mccullough, J., Mcmahon, J.J., Melchior, P., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J.J., Muir, J., Myles, J., Natoli, T., Padin, S., Palmese, A., Pandey, S., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A.A., Porredon, A., Pryke, C., Raveri, M., Reichardt, C.L., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Ross, A.J., Ruhl, J.E., Rykoff, E., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schaffer, K.K., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shirokoff, E., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A.A., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Troxel, M.A., Tucker, D.L., Vieira, J.D., Vincenzi, M., Weaverdyck, N., Williamson, R., Yanny, B., Yin, B.
• Other Authors: Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA/DSM Centre de Saclay (CEA/DSM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), DES, SPT
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: galaxies: structure; large-scale structure of Universe; cosmology: observations; [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]; South pole
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03826315; https://hal.science/hal-03826315/document; https://hal.science/hal-03826315/file/stad1167.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1167

International audience We cross-correlate positions of galaxies measured in data from the first three years of the Dark Energy Survey with Compton-$y$-maps generated using data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and the {\it Planck} mission. We model this cross-correlation measurement together with the galaxy auto-correlation to constrain the distribution of gas in the Universe. We measure the hydrostatic mass bias or, equivalently, the mean halo bias-weighted electron pressure $\langle b_{h}P_{e}\rangle$, using large-scale information. We find $\langle b_{h}P_{e}\rangle$ to be $[0.16^{+0.03}_{-0.04},0.28^{+0.04}_{-0.05},0.45^{+0.06}_{-0.10},0.54^{+0.08}_{-0.07},0.61^{+0.08}_{-0.06},0.63^{+0.07}_{-0.08}]$ meV cm$^{-3}$ at redshifts $z \sim [0.30, 0.46, 0.62,0.77, 0.89, 0.97]$. These values are consistent with previous work where measurements exist in the redshift range. We also constrain the mean gas profile using small-scale information, enabled by the high-resolution of the SPT data. We compare our measurements to different parametrized profiles based on the cosmo-OWLS hydrodynamical simulations. We find that our data are consistent with the simulation that assumes an AGN heating temperature of $10^{8.5}$K but are incompatible with the model that assumes an AGN heating temperature of $10^{8.0}$K. These comparisons indicate that the data prefer a higher value of electron pressure than the simulations within $r_{500c}$ of the galaxies' halos.