Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica
International audience We carried out a search for hydrothermal vents in the Central Basin of Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. The ZAPS (zero angle photon spectrometer) chemical sensor and instrument package (Oregon State University), OFOS (ocean-floor observation system) camera sled and TVG (TV-grab)...
Published in: | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2001
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-02638801 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 |
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ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:hal-02638801v1 |
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Open Polar |
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HAL Sorbonne Université |
op_collection_id |
ftsorbonneuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Bransfield Strait hydrothermal vents manganese chemical composition Antarctica [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
Bransfield Strait hydrothermal vents manganese chemical composition Antarctica [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Klinkhammer, G. Chin, C.S. R.A., Keller Dählmann, A. Sahling, Heiko Sarthou, Géraldine Petersenn, S. Smith, Fletcher Wilson, Charlie Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Bransfield Strait hydrothermal vents manganese chemical composition Antarctica [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience We carried out a search for hydrothermal vents in the Central Basin of Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. The ZAPS (zero angle photon spectrometer) chemical sensor and instrument package (Oregon State University), OFOS (ocean-floor observation system) camera sled and TVG (TV-grab) (GEOMAR) were used to explore the water column and underlying seafloor. These operations were supplemented with a series of dredges. Hydrothermal plumes over Hook Ridge at the eastern end of the basin are confined to the E ridge crest and SE flank. The plumes are complex and sometimes contain two turbidity maxima one widespread feature centered at 1150 m and a smaller, more localized but broad maximum at 600–800 m. We traced the source of the shallower plume to a sunken crater near the ridge crest using sensors on the ZAPS instrument package. Subsequently two TV-grabs from the crater brought back hot, soupy sediment (42–49°C) overlain by hard, siliceous crusts and underlain by a thick layer of volcanic ash. We also recovered chimney fragments whose texture and mineralogy indicate venting temperatures in excess of 250°C. Native sulfur and Fe-sulfides occur in fractures and porous layers in sediment from throughout the area. Pore water data from the crater site are consistent with venting into a thin sediment layer and indicate phase separation of fluids beneath Hook Ridge. The source of the deeper plumes at Hook Ridge has yet to be located. We also explored a series of three parallel volcanic ridges west of Hook Ridge called Three Sisters. We detected water column anomalies indicative of venting with the ZAPS package and recovered hydrothermal barites and sulfides from Middle Sister. We spent considerable time photographing Middle Sister and Hook Ridge but did not identify classic vent fauna at either location. We either missed small areas with our photography or typical MOR vent fauna are absent at these sites. |
author2 |
College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Corvallis (CEOAS) Oregon State University (OSU) Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Technishe Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (TU Bergakademie Freiberg) Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Klinkhammer, G. Chin, C.S. R.A., Keller Dählmann, A. Sahling, Heiko Sarthou, Géraldine Petersenn, S. Smith, Fletcher Wilson, Charlie |
author_facet |
Klinkhammer, G. Chin, C.S. R.A., Keller Dählmann, A. Sahling, Heiko Sarthou, Géraldine Petersenn, S. Smith, Fletcher Wilson, Charlie |
author_sort |
Klinkhammer, G. |
title |
Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
title_short |
Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
title_full |
Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica |
title_sort |
discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in bransfield strait, antarctica |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2001 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-02638801 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-68.470,-68.470,-71.441,-71.441) ENVELOPE(-143.667,-143.667,51.500,51.500) ENVELOPE(178.000,178.000,-72.300,-72.300) |
geographic |
Bransfield Strait Three Sisters Hook Ridge Central Basin |
geographic_facet |
Bransfield Strait Three Sisters Hook Ridge Central Basin |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Bransfield Strait |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Bransfield Strait |
op_source |
ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-02638801 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2001, 193 (3-4), pp.395-407. ⟨10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 hal-02638801 https://hal.science/hal-02638801 doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
193 |
container_issue |
3-4 |
container_start_page |
395 |
op_container_end_page |
407 |
_version_ |
1790609663014731776 |
spelling |
ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:hal-02638801v1 2024-02-11T09:57:22+01:00 Discovery of new hydrothermal vent sites in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica Klinkhammer, G. Chin, C.S. R.A., Keller Dählmann, A. Sahling, Heiko Sarthou, Géraldine Petersenn, S. Smith, Fletcher Wilson, Charlie College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Corvallis (CEOAS) Oregon State University (OSU) Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Technishe Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (TU Bergakademie Freiberg) Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) 2001-12 https://hal.science/hal-02638801 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 hal-02638801 https://hal.science/hal-02638801 doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-02638801 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2001, 193 (3-4), pp.395-407. ⟨10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2⟩ Bransfield Strait hydrothermal vents manganese chemical composition Antarctica [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2001 ftsorbonneuniv https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00536-2 2024-01-23T23:50:16Z International audience We carried out a search for hydrothermal vents in the Central Basin of Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. The ZAPS (zero angle photon spectrometer) chemical sensor and instrument package (Oregon State University), OFOS (ocean-floor observation system) camera sled and TVG (TV-grab) (GEOMAR) were used to explore the water column and underlying seafloor. These operations were supplemented with a series of dredges. Hydrothermal plumes over Hook Ridge at the eastern end of the basin are confined to the E ridge crest and SE flank. The plumes are complex and sometimes contain two turbidity maxima one widespread feature centered at 1150 m and a smaller, more localized but broad maximum at 600–800 m. We traced the source of the shallower plume to a sunken crater near the ridge crest using sensors on the ZAPS instrument package. Subsequently two TV-grabs from the crater brought back hot, soupy sediment (42–49°C) overlain by hard, siliceous crusts and underlain by a thick layer of volcanic ash. We also recovered chimney fragments whose texture and mineralogy indicate venting temperatures in excess of 250°C. Native sulfur and Fe-sulfides occur in fractures and porous layers in sediment from throughout the area. Pore water data from the crater site are consistent with venting into a thin sediment layer and indicate phase separation of fluids beneath Hook Ridge. The source of the deeper plumes at Hook Ridge has yet to be located. We also explored a series of three parallel volcanic ridges west of Hook Ridge called Three Sisters. We detected water column anomalies indicative of venting with the ZAPS package and recovered hydrothermal barites and sulfides from Middle Sister. We spent considerable time photographing Middle Sister and Hook Ridge but did not identify classic vent fauna at either location. We either missed small areas with our photography or typical MOR vent fauna are absent at these sites. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Bransfield Strait HAL Sorbonne Université Bransfield Strait Three Sisters ENVELOPE(-68.470,-68.470,-71.441,-71.441) Hook Ridge ENVELOPE(-143.667,-143.667,51.500,51.500) Central Basin ENVELOPE(178.000,178.000,-72.300,-72.300) Earth and Planetary Science Letters 193 3-4 395 407 |