Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone
International audience Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow-ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl s...
Published in: | Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2016
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/file/Jutras_Thermodynamics_of.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
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HAL Sorbonne Université |
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language |
English |
topic |
thermodynamics 9 slush Antarctic snow ice [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
spellingShingle |
thermodynamics 9 slush Antarctic snow ice [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology Jutras, Mathilde Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan rousset, clement Tison, Jean-Louis Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
topic_facet |
thermodynamics 9 slush Antarctic snow ice [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
description |
International audience Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow-ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g/kg. Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60%, ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however: natural snow ice is found 3-5 g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Montréal McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Développement Instrumental et Techniques Marines (DITM) Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Laboratoire de Glaciologie Bruxelles Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jutras, Mathilde Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan rousset, clement Tison, Jean-Louis |
author_facet |
Jutras, Mathilde Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan rousset, clement Tison, Jean-Louis |
author_sort |
Jutras, Mathilde |
title |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
title_short |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
title_full |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
title_fullStr |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
title_sort |
thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the antarctic sea-ice zone |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/file/Jutras_Thermodynamics_of.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 0967-0645 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2016, 131, pp.75-83. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/file/Jutras_Thermodynamics_of.pdf doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
container_title |
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography |
container_volume |
131 |
container_start_page |
75 |
op_container_end_page |
83 |
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1799483727798075392 |
spelling |
ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:hal-01303755v1 2024-05-19T07:30:06+00:00 Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone Jutras, Mathilde Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan rousset, clement Tison, Jean-Louis Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Montréal McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Développement Instrumental et Techniques Marines (DITM) Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Laboratoire de Glaciologie Bruxelles Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ) 2016-03 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/file/Jutras_Thermodynamics_of.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755/file/Jutras_Thermodynamics_of.pdf doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0967-0645 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01303755 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2016, 131, pp.75-83. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008⟩ thermodynamics 9 slush Antarctic snow ice [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftsorbonneuniv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 2024-04-25T04:15:19Z International audience Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow-ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g/kg. Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60%, ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however: natural snow ice is found 3-5 g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice HAL Sorbonne Université Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 131 75 83 |