Quantifying Emerging Local Anthropogenic Emissions in the Arctic Region: The ACCESS Aircraft Campaign Experiment

• Published in: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• Main Authors: Roiger, Anke, Thomas, Jennie L., Schlager, H., Law, Kathy S., Kim, J., Schäfler, A., Weinzierl, B., Dahlkötter, F., Krisch, I., Marelle, Louis, Minikin, A., Raut, Jean-Christophe, Reiter, A., Rose, M., Scheibe, M., Stock, P., Baumann, R., Bouarar, Idir, Clerbaux, Cathy, George, Maya, Onishi, Tatsuo, Flemming, J.
• Other Authors: DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre = DLR Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling (DLR), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich = Ludwig Maximilians Universität München (LMU), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2015
• Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes; Arctic; Climate change; kola peninsula; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-01054384; https://hal.science/hal-01054384/document; https://hal.science/hal-01054384/file/bams-d-13-00169_1.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00169.1

International audience Arctic sea ice has decreased dramatically in the past few decades and the Arctic is increasingly open to transit shipping and natural resource extraction. However, large knowledge gaps exist regarding composition and impacts of emissions associated with these activities. Arctic hydrocarbon extraction is currently under development due to the large oil/gas reserves in the region. Transit shipping through the Arctic as an alternative to the traditional shipping routes is currently underway. These activities are expected to increase emissions of air pollutants and climate forcers (e.g. aerosols, ozone) in the Arctic troposphere significantly in the future. We present the first measurements of these activities off the coast of Norway taken in summer 2012 as part of the European Arctic Climate Change, Economy, and Society (ACCESS) project. The objectives include quantifying the impact anthropogenic activities will have on regional air pollution and understanding the connections to Arctic climate. Trace gas and aerosol concentrations in pollution plumes were measured, including emissions from different ship types and several offshore extraction facilities. Emissions originating from industrial activities (smelting) on the Kola Peninsula were also sampled. In addition, pollution plumes originating from Siberian biomass burning were probed in order to put the emerging local pollution within a broader context. In near future these measurements will be combined with model simulations to quantify the influence of local anthropogenic activities on Arctic composition. Here we present the scientific objectives of the ACCESS aircraft experiment, the meteorological conditions during the campaign, and highlight first scientific results from the experiment.