First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity
International audience We validate Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) sea surface salinity (SSS) retrieved during August 2010 from the European Space Agency SMOS processing. Biases appear close to land and ice and between ascending and descending orbits; they are linked to image reconstruction...
Published in: | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2012
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00752864 https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 |
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[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Boutin, Jacqueline Martin, Nicolas Yin, Xiaobin Font, Jordi Reul, Nicolas Spurgeon, Paul First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
topic_facet |
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience We validate Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) sea surface salinity (SSS) retrieved during August 2010 from the European Space Agency SMOS processing. Biases appear close to land and ice and between ascending and descending orbits; they are linked to image reconstruction issues and instrument calibration and remain under study. We validate the SMOS SSS in conditions where these biases appear to be small. We compare SMOS and ARGO SSS over four regions far from land and ice using only ascending orbits. Four modelings of the impact of the wind on the sea surface emissivity have been tested. Results suggest that the L-band brightness temperature is not linearly related to the wind speed at high winds as expected in the presence of emissive foam, but that the foam effect is less than previously modeled. Given the large noise on individual SMOS measurements, a precision suitable for oceanographic studies can only be achieved after averaging SMOS SSS. Over selected regions and after mean bias removal, the precision on SSS retrieved from ascending orbits and averaged over 100 km x 100 km and 10 days is between 0.3 and 0.5 pss far from land and sea ice borders. These results have been obtained with forward models not fitted to satellite L-band measurements, and image reconstruction and instrument calibration are expected to improve. Hence, we anticipate that deducing, from SMOS measurements, SSS maps at 200 km x 200 km, 10 days resolution with an accuracy of 0.2 pss at a global scale is not out of reach. |
author2 |
Échanges dans la couche de surface : des pôles aux tropiques (SURF) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Boutin, Jacqueline Martin, Nicolas Yin, Xiaobin Font, Jordi Reul, Nicolas Spurgeon, Paul |
author_facet |
Boutin, Jacqueline Martin, Nicolas Yin, Xiaobin Font, Jordi Reul, Nicolas Spurgeon, Paul |
author_sort |
Boutin, Jacqueline |
title |
First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
title_short |
First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
title_full |
First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
title_fullStr |
First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
title_full_unstemmed |
First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity |
title_sort |
first assessment of smos data over open ocean: part ii--sea surface salinity |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00752864 https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 0196-2892 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing https://hal.science/hal-00752864 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2012, 50 (5), pp.1662-1675. ⟨10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 hal-00752864 https://hal.science/hal-00752864 BIBCODE: 2012ITGRS.50.1662B doi:10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 WOS: 000303205200026 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 |
container_title |
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
50 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1662 |
op_container_end_page |
1675 |
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1810478772403568640 |
spelling |
ftsorbonneuniv:oai:HAL:hal-00752864v1 2024-09-15T18:35:35+00:00 First Assessment of SMOS Data Over Open Ocean: Part II--Sea Surface Salinity Boutin, Jacqueline Martin, Nicolas Yin, Xiaobin Font, Jordi Reul, Nicolas Spurgeon, Paul Échanges dans la couche de surface : des pôles aux tropiques (SURF) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2012-05 https://hal.science/hal-00752864 https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 en eng HAL CCSD Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 hal-00752864 https://hal.science/hal-00752864 BIBCODE: 2012ITGRS.50.1662B doi:10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 WOS: 000303205200026 ISSN: 0196-2892 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing https://hal.science/hal-00752864 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2012, 50 (5), pp.1662-1675. ⟨10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546⟩ [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftsorbonneuniv https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546 2024-08-01T23:46:49Z International audience We validate Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) sea surface salinity (SSS) retrieved during August 2010 from the European Space Agency SMOS processing. Biases appear close to land and ice and between ascending and descending orbits; they are linked to image reconstruction issues and instrument calibration and remain under study. We validate the SMOS SSS in conditions where these biases appear to be small. We compare SMOS and ARGO SSS over four regions far from land and ice using only ascending orbits. Four modelings of the impact of the wind on the sea surface emissivity have been tested. Results suggest that the L-band brightness temperature is not linearly related to the wind speed at high winds as expected in the presence of emissive foam, but that the foam effect is less than previously modeled. Given the large noise on individual SMOS measurements, a precision suitable for oceanographic studies can only be achieved after averaging SMOS SSS. Over selected regions and after mean bias removal, the precision on SSS retrieved from ascending orbits and averaged over 100 km x 100 km and 10 days is between 0.3 and 0.5 pss far from land and sea ice borders. These results have been obtained with forward models not fitted to satellite L-band measurements, and image reconstruction and instrument calibration are expected to improve. Hence, we anticipate that deducing, from SMOS measurements, SSS maps at 200 km x 200 km, 10 days resolution with an accuracy of 0.2 pss at a global scale is not out of reach. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice HAL Sorbonne Université IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 50 5 1662 1675 |