Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx
Dive behavior represents multiple ecological functions for marine mammals, but our understanding of dive characteristics is typically limited by the resolution or longevity of tagging studies. Knowledge on the time-depth structures of dives can provide insight into the behaviors represented by verti...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 |
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ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/17713307 2023-05-15T14:29:02+02:00 Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx Luke Storrie (11893760) Nigel E. Hussey (10875708) Shannon A. MacPhee (11397174) Greg O’Corry-Crowe (4993835) John Iacozza (5787789) David G. Barber (2228200) Alex Nunes (11893763) Lisa L. Loseto (1839223) 2022-01-03T04:37:25Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 unknown https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round_Dive_Characteristics_of_Male_Beluga_Whales_From_the_Eastern_Beaufort_Sea_Population_Indicate_Seasonal_Shifts_in_Foraging_Strategies_docx/17713307 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Beaufort Sea biologging dive classification energetics foraging beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) diving behavior Dataset 2022 ftsmithonian https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 2022-01-06T11:16:10Z Dive behavior represents multiple ecological functions for marine mammals, but our understanding of dive characteristics is typically limited by the resolution or longevity of tagging studies. Knowledge on the time-depth structures of dives can provide insight into the behaviors represented by vertical movements; furthering our understanding of the ecological importance of habitats occupied, seasonal shifts in activity, and the energetic consequences of targeting prey at a given depth. Given our incomplete understanding of Eastern Beaufort Sea (EBS) beluga whale behavior over an annual cycle, we aimed to characterize dives made by belugas, with a focus on analyzing shifts in foraging strategies. Objectives were to (i) characterize and classify the range of beluga-specific dive types over an annual cycle, (ii) propose dive functions based on optimal foraging theory, physiology, and association with environmental variables, and (iii) identify whether belugas undergo seasonal shifts in the frequency of dives associated with variable foraging strategies. Satellite-linked time-depth-recorders (TDRs) were attached to 13 male belugas from the EBS population in 2018 and 2019, and depth data were collected in time series at a 75 s sampling interval. Tags collected data for between 13 and 357 days, including three tags which collected data across all months. A total of 90,211 dives were identified and characterized by twelve time and depth metrics and classified into eight dive types using a Gaussian mixed modeling and hierarchical clustering analysis approach. Dive structures identify various seasonal behaviors and indicate year-round foraging. Shallower and more frequent diving during winter in the Bering Sea indicate foraging may be energetically cheaper, but less rewarding than deeper diving during summer in the Beaufort Sea and Arctic Archipelago, which frequently exceeded the aerobic dive limit previously calculated for this population. Structure, frequency and association with environmental variables supports the use of other dives in recovery, transiting, and navigating through sea ice. The current study provides the first comprehensive description of the year-round dive structures of any beluga population, providing baseline information to allow improved characterization and to monitor how this population may respond to environmental change and increasing anthropogenic stressors. Dataset Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Beluga Beluga whale Beluga* Bering Sea Delphinapterus leucas Sea ice Unknown Arctic Bering Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftsmithonian |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Beaufort Sea biologging dive classification energetics foraging beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) diving behavior |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Beaufort Sea biologging dive classification energetics foraging beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) diving behavior Luke Storrie (11893760) Nigel E. Hussey (10875708) Shannon A. MacPhee (11397174) Greg O’Corry-Crowe (4993835) John Iacozza (5787789) David G. Barber (2228200) Alex Nunes (11893763) Lisa L. Loseto (1839223) Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Beaufort Sea biologging dive classification energetics foraging beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) diving behavior |
description |
Dive behavior represents multiple ecological functions for marine mammals, but our understanding of dive characteristics is typically limited by the resolution or longevity of tagging studies. Knowledge on the time-depth structures of dives can provide insight into the behaviors represented by vertical movements; furthering our understanding of the ecological importance of habitats occupied, seasonal shifts in activity, and the energetic consequences of targeting prey at a given depth. Given our incomplete understanding of Eastern Beaufort Sea (EBS) beluga whale behavior over an annual cycle, we aimed to characterize dives made by belugas, with a focus on analyzing shifts in foraging strategies. Objectives were to (i) characterize and classify the range of beluga-specific dive types over an annual cycle, (ii) propose dive functions based on optimal foraging theory, physiology, and association with environmental variables, and (iii) identify whether belugas undergo seasonal shifts in the frequency of dives associated with variable foraging strategies. Satellite-linked time-depth-recorders (TDRs) were attached to 13 male belugas from the EBS population in 2018 and 2019, and depth data were collected in time series at a 75 s sampling interval. Tags collected data for between 13 and 357 days, including three tags which collected data across all months. A total of 90,211 dives were identified and characterized by twelve time and depth metrics and classified into eight dive types using a Gaussian mixed modeling and hierarchical clustering analysis approach. Dive structures identify various seasonal behaviors and indicate year-round foraging. Shallower and more frequent diving during winter in the Bering Sea indicate foraging may be energetically cheaper, but less rewarding than deeper diving during summer in the Beaufort Sea and Arctic Archipelago, which frequently exceeded the aerobic dive limit previously calculated for this population. Structure, frequency and association with environmental variables supports the use of other dives in recovery, transiting, and navigating through sea ice. The current study provides the first comprehensive description of the year-round dive structures of any beluga population, providing baseline information to allow improved characterization and to monitor how this population may respond to environmental change and increasing anthropogenic stressors. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Luke Storrie (11893760) Nigel E. Hussey (10875708) Shannon A. MacPhee (11397174) Greg O’Corry-Crowe (4993835) John Iacozza (5787789) David G. Barber (2228200) Alex Nunes (11893763) Lisa L. Loseto (1839223) |
author_facet |
Luke Storrie (11893760) Nigel E. Hussey (10875708) Shannon A. MacPhee (11397174) Greg O’Corry-Crowe (4993835) John Iacozza (5787789) David G. Barber (2228200) Alex Nunes (11893763) Lisa L. Loseto (1839223) |
author_sort |
Luke Storrie (11893760) |
title |
Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
title_short |
Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
title_full |
Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
title_fullStr |
Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round Dive Characteristics of Male Beluga Whales From the Eastern Beaufort Sea Population Indicate Seasonal Shifts in Foraging Strategies.docx |
title_sort |
data_sheet_1_year-round dive characteristics of male beluga whales from the eastern beaufort sea population indicate seasonal shifts in foraging strategies.docx |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 |
geographic |
Arctic Bering Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Bering Sea |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Beluga Beluga whale Beluga* Bering Sea Delphinapterus leucas Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Beluga Beluga whale Beluga* Bering Sea Delphinapterus leucas Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Year-Round_Dive_Characteristics_of_Male_Beluga_Whales_From_the_Eastern_Beaufort_Sea_Population_Indicate_Seasonal_Shifts_in_Foraging_Strategies_docx/17713307 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.715412.s001 |
_version_ |
1766303139110060032 |