Fig 5 -

Relationships of wild forest reindeer population (a) and moose abundance (b) to wolf population in eastern Finland from 1996–2017 in models in which another sympatric ungulate was treated as another independent variable.

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ilpo Kojola (469975), Ville Hallikainen (5150468), Samuli Heikkinen (11886245), Jukka T. Forsman (8660328), Tuomas Kukko (11886248), Jyrki Pusenius (3839944), Paasivaara Antti (11886251)
Format:	Still Image
Language:	unknown
Published:	2021
Subjects:	Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified year time series canis lupus </ another independent variable alces alces </ 1996 – 2017 generalized linear mixed apparent competition whereby apparent competition hypothesis wild forest reindeer existing prey species alternative prey hypothesis 2 </ sup general linear models primary prey decreases reindeer population size wolf population size moose population size apparent competition population size performed linear primary prey wolf population population dynamics secondary prey reindeer focuses prey community prey biomass xlink "> wolf (< two hypotheses two co summer predation study period show long resulting pseudo reproductive output positively associated negatively associated negatively affects negative predictions mutually exclusive moose populations moose (< last years increased predation heavily managed habitat restoration first years female ratio consecutive winters almost identical Alces alces Canis lupus
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005

id	ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/17703320
record_format	openpolar
spelling	ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/17703320 2023-05-15T13:13:10+02:00 Fig 5 - Ilpo Kojola (469975) Ville Hallikainen (5150468) Samuli Heikkinen (11886245) Jukka T. Forsman (8660328) Tuomas Kukko (11886248) Jyrki Pusenius (3839944) Paasivaara Antti (11886251) 2021-12-29T18:21:57Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005 unknown https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Fig_5_-/17703320 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified year time series canis lupus </ another independent variable alces alces </ 1996 – 2017 generalized linear mixed apparent competition whereby apparent competition hypothesis wild forest reindeer existing prey species alternative prey hypothesis 2 </ sup general linear models primary prey decreases reindeer population size wolf population size moose population size apparent competition population size performed linear primary prey wolf population population dynamics secondary prey reindeer focuses prey community prey biomass xlink "> wolf (< two hypotheses two co summer predation study period show long resulting pseudo reproductive output positively associated negatively associated negatively affects negative predictions mutually exclusive moose populations moose (< last years increased predation heavily managed habitat restoration first years female ratio consecutive winters almost identical Image Figure 2021 ftsmithonian https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005 2022-01-06T11:26:28Z Relationships of wild forest reindeer population (a) and moose abundance (b) to wolf population in eastern Finland from 1996–2017 in models in which another sympatric ungulate was treated as another independent variable. Still Image Alces alces Canis lupus Unknown
institution	Open Polar
collection	Unknown
op_collection_id	ftsmithonian
language	unknown
topic	Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified year time series canis lupus </ another independent variable alces alces </ 1996 – 2017 generalized linear mixed apparent competition whereby apparent competition hypothesis wild forest reindeer existing prey species alternative prey hypothesis 2 </ sup general linear models primary prey decreases reindeer population size wolf population size moose population size apparent competition population size performed linear primary prey wolf population population dynamics secondary prey reindeer focuses prey community prey biomass xlink "> wolf (< two hypotheses two co summer predation study period show long resulting pseudo reproductive output positively associated negatively associated negatively affects negative predictions mutually exclusive moose populations moose (< last years increased predation heavily managed habitat restoration first years female ratio consecutive winters almost identical
spellingShingle	Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified year time series canis lupus </ another independent variable alces alces </ 1996 – 2017 generalized linear mixed apparent competition whereby apparent competition hypothesis wild forest reindeer existing prey species alternative prey hypothesis 2 </ sup general linear models primary prey decreases reindeer population size wolf population size moose population size apparent competition population size performed linear primary prey wolf population population dynamics secondary prey reindeer focuses prey community prey biomass xlink "> wolf (< two hypotheses two co summer predation study period show long resulting pseudo reproductive output positively associated negatively associated negatively affects negative predictions mutually exclusive moose populations moose (< last years increased predation heavily managed habitat restoration first years female ratio consecutive winters almost identical Ilpo Kojola (469975) Ville Hallikainen (5150468) Samuli Heikkinen (11886245) Jukka T. Forsman (8660328) Tuomas Kukko (11886248) Jyrki Pusenius (3839944) Paasivaara Antti (11886251) Fig 5 -
topic_facet	Ecology Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified year time series canis lupus </ another independent variable alces alces </ 1996 – 2017 generalized linear mixed apparent competition whereby apparent competition hypothesis wild forest reindeer existing prey species alternative prey hypothesis 2 </ sup general linear models primary prey decreases reindeer population size wolf population size moose population size apparent competition population size performed linear primary prey wolf population population dynamics secondary prey reindeer focuses prey community prey biomass xlink "> wolf (< two hypotheses two co summer predation study period show long resulting pseudo reproductive output positively associated negatively associated negatively affects negative predictions mutually exclusive moose populations moose (< last years increased predation heavily managed habitat restoration first years female ratio consecutive winters almost identical
description	Relationships of wild forest reindeer population (a) and moose abundance (b) to wolf population in eastern Finland from 1996–2017 in models in which another sympatric ungulate was treated as another independent variable.
format	Still Image
author	Ilpo Kojola (469975) Ville Hallikainen (5150468) Samuli Heikkinen (11886245) Jukka T. Forsman (8660328) Tuomas Kukko (11886248) Jyrki Pusenius (3839944) Paasivaara Antti (11886251)
author_facet	Ilpo Kojola (469975) Ville Hallikainen (5150468) Samuli Heikkinen (11886245) Jukka T. Forsman (8660328) Tuomas Kukko (11886248) Jyrki Pusenius (3839944) Paasivaara Antti (11886251)
author_sort	Ilpo Kojola (469975)
title	Fig 5 -
title_short	Fig 5 -
title_full	Fig 5 -
title_fullStr	Fig 5 -
title_full_unstemmed	Fig 5 -
title_sort	fig 5 -
publishDate	2021
url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005
genre	Alces alces Canis lupus
genre_facet	Alces alces Canis lupus
op_relation	https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Fig_5_-/17703320 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005
op_rights	CC BY 4.0
op_rightsnorm	CC-BY
op_doi	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g005
_version_	1766256443459108864

Fig 5 -

Similar Items